Homemade sandblasting gun: device, instructions, video

Compressor selection

The sandblasting compressor is the most expensive device among all the elements of the system used to perform such a task.
When equipping a device for sandblasting, many, guided by a natural desire to save money, purchase the cheapest compressors, the technical characteristics of which do not meet the required parameters. That is why specialists, when choosing a compressor for sandblasting, evaluate not only the volume of work to be carried out, but also the deadlines that must be met. To select a compressor, special tables are most often used, which show the ratios of such parameters as:

• the pressure that the compressor is capable of providing;
• level of compressed air consumption by a sandblasting machine;
• consumption of abrasive material per unit area of ​​the surface being treated;
• speed of processing.

Abrasive, air consumption and productivity

The data on the consumption of abrasive material, which are indicated in such tables, are indicative for the reason that the value of this parameter is influenced by many factors. Such factors, in particular, are: the type of surface being treated, the nature and thickness of the layer of dirt or old coating being cleaned, the height to which it is necessary to raise the abrasive mixture, the experience and qualifications of the work performer. Despite the not very high accuracy of this parameter given in the tables, they give an idea of ​​​​which compressor to choose.

Design features

The design of an air (pneumatic) gun intended for sandblasting includes the following main elements:

• a nozzle through the hole of which abrasive material is supplied to the surface being treated;
• a nozzle tip, which can be made of steel or ceramics;
• handle with a trigger, providing ease of manipulation of the device;
• fittings with which hoses for supplying compressed air and abrasive mixture are connected to the gun.

Homemade pistol disassembled

The effectiveness of a sandblasting gun largely depends on the quality of the nozzle used. Such an important design element of this device can be made independently, but in this case it will be difficult to achieve the required quality of workmanship. That is why it is better to purchase serial nozzles for a sandblasting gun (and some of their models can even be equipped with a handle and trigger).

A homemade or serial nozzle, if it is purchased as a separate structural element, must be placed in a housing with a comfortable handle and fittings for connecting hoses. Those who want to make a sandblasting nozzle at minimal financial cost can find a video online demonstrating how an ordinary plastic bottle, standard fittings and tees can be used for these purposes.

Which compressor to use for a sandblasting gun

Before using a sandblasting gun, you need to pay attention to the choice of compressor. It should be noted right away that a low-performance compressor is not suitable for sandblasting work.

The minimum output pressure must be at least 5 atmospheres. The productivity should be at least 300-400 liters per minute, and ideally 500 liters per minute

When choosing the main device, it is important to consider the following parameters:

1. Pressure
2. Compressed air consumption level
3. Consumption of abrasives
4. Speed ​​of work
5. Compressor type

We decide on these parameters, on the basis of which the compressor is selected. Below is a table from which you can roughly calculate the consumption of abrasive substances depending on the diameter of the hose for sand and air, as well as the size of the nozzle and the pressure of the compressor. The values ​​given in the table are approximate and allow you to navigate depending on the volume of planned work.

An important parameter of a compressor for a sandblasting nozzle is pressure. This parameter affects not only the speed of work, but also its quality. If the nozzle diameter of the nozzle is 6.5 mm, then a compressor with a minimum pressure of 4.2 atmospheres is suitable. For nozzles over 8 mm, equipment with pressure ratings of 6.6 atmospheres or more is required.

This is interesting!
It is necessary to take into account the fact that up to 15% -20% of pressure is lost in the connecting air hose.
Another important factor is the type of compressor. They come in piston and screw types. Piston compressors are more popular, but their disadvantage is that the compressed air contains particles of an oil mixture. This causes the sand to become wet, thereby reducing productivity and also reducing service life. To eliminate air humidification, you need to use special dehumidifiers.

If it is necessary to perform a large volume of work while maintaining high quality, then it is recommended to use screw compressors. They are not only reliable, but also efficient.

When choosing a sandblasting gun, it is important to consider the suitability of the tool for the type and volume of work planned.

Publications on the topic

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How to choose the right compressor

To use sandblasting at home, a compressor from a 220 V network is sufficient. You should pay attention to the technical parameters, the productivity should exceed 300 liters per minute, and the air pressure at the outlet should be at least 7 atmospheres.

Compressor for sandblasting gun

Having a receiver in the compressor will be a significant plus. The device will help to avoid pressure drops when changing compressor modes; in addition, it helps clean the air from moisture and oil. When choosing a compressor, it is worth considering the technical characteristics. There are two main types of work with sandblasting equipment.

1. The pressure type is used by supplying an abrasive composition with its own weight. The equipment is used in large industries for mass work. This type of activity is equipped with compressors with a capacity of at least 5 thousand liters. Mobile equipment allows you to process large components of structures; for home use, the manufacture of this device is not always profitable.
2. In domestic conditions, injection-type equipment is often used. The technology involves taking abrasive only through vacuum.

Engraving glass using a sandblasting device

The glass engraving process is labor-intensive, but possible at home. Before engraving with a sandblasting device, the glass is sealed with self-adhesive film.

Engraving with a sandblasting gun

The following steps apply:

• Outlining the design and cutting out with a blade.
• Sandblasting treatment.
• Removing the remaining film from the surface of the product.

The image should have clear contours and stand out against the background of the product. The processing depth can be adjusted during the process. The sandblaster is suitable for cutting holes at the base of the glass for possible fastening.

Sandblasted engraving

Preparatory work

A decommissioned gas cylinder is perfect for our work, so it can be purchased inexpensively.

When you have prepared all the necessary components, you can begin to disassemble the idea and instructions on how to make a sandblasting machine.

Construction of sandblasting guns

Sandblasting guns for compressors consist of a number of standard elements:

• frame;
• nozzle with handle;
• control sleeve;
• fitting for air supply with or without tap;
• sand container;
• sleeve for passage of abrasive;
• union nut or threaded pin;
• threaded bushing.

A nozzle of carefully calibrated size is mounted on the housing - it must correspond to the pressure that arises at the outlet of the compressor. The diameter of the nozzle narrows along the air flow, so the part is a truncated cone. The control sleeve regulates the current flow of abrasive, the threaded sleeve secures the container with sand, and the union nut prevents sand from leaking during operation. Some devices also contain a separate abrasive dispensing unit that replaces the threaded bushing.

After connecting the sand tank, a compressor is connected to the device, then using the control sleeve, the operator regulates the air flow pressure and, accordingly, the sand supply force. Here are the main air flow indicators taking into account the inlet and outlet nozzle sizes:

• for diameters 6 mm and 2 mm – 0.2–0.3 cubic meters. m/minute;
• for diameters 8 mm and 3 mm – 0.3–0.6 cubic meters. m/minute;
• for diameters 10 mm and 4 mm – 0.6–1.2 cubic meters. m/minute;
• for diameters 12 mm and 6 mm – 0.9–1.8 cubic meters. m/minute.

Some models of guns have a remote control, and they can be operated from a distance. Cheaper models are manually operated and require the operator to remain near the device at all times. The capacity of sand tanks is usually 0.5–300 liters or more, and guns with the largest capacities are much more expensive.

Rating of the best sandblasting guns for 2021

Hose feed

Sorokin 0.9

One of the most popular designer brands in Russia. Engineer Sorokin is the author of a large number of special equipment, including sandblasting guns connected to a compressor. The model differs in that it is produced with an upper tank for abrasive, which makes working with it more convenient and simpler. Reservoir with a capacity of 0.9 l. Designed for cleaning small surfaces. It is especially popular among home craftsmen.

The average price is 3000 rubles.

sandblasting gun Sorokin 0.9

Advantages:

• performs subtle actions;
• light weight;
• comfortable to use;
• durable;
• functional.

Flaws:

• significant cost.

Patriot GH 166 B

The products are manufactured in China. The main difference is the lack of capacity. The abrasive is supplied through a pipe that comes with the kit. It is immersed in a container of sand, after which the gun is connected to the compressor. Despite the low cost, the product is quite functional and allows you to process significant surfaces.

Price – 550 rubles.

sandblasting gun Patriot GH 166 B

Advantages:

• reliable;
• service life;
• cleaning hard-to-reach areas;
• insignificant weight;
• a budget option.

Flaws:

• not identified.

Wester SSP – 20

The Chinese manufacturer tried to create an amazing assistant for home craftsmen. Despite the mediocre technical characteristics, the device is able to efficiently clean small surfaces. Equipped with a small compressor, considered “quiet”.

The average price is 1300 rubles.

sandblasting gun Wester SSP – 20

Advantages:

• compactness;
• ease of use;
• reliability;
• service life;
• good value for money;
• It doesn't make much noise.

Flaws:

• lack of high technical characteristics.

Matrix 57328

It is distinguished by the absence of an abrasive tank and low weight - 1.2 kg. The gun is made of high-quality metal that is not susceptible to mechanical damage. Continuous operation time – from 8 to 12 hours (maximum). It is equipped with a standard tank, but sand can also be taken from a bucket. Quickly and effectively copes with cleaning machine bodies.

The product can be purchased at a price of 1119 rubles.

sandblasting gun Matrix 57328

Advantages:

• light weight;
• easy to operate;
• comfortable;
• affordable price;
• quality of cleaning;
• the nozzle is made of durable steel;
• functional;
• efficiency of sand suction into the hose;
• equipped with branded fittings;
• the throughput channel is not clogged;
• can be improved.

Flaws:

• lack of maneuverability;
• short intake hose;
• It is advisable to equip it with a powerful compressor.

Rock Force RF – HSB – II

Produced by a leading Belarusian company, using modern production facilities in Taiwan. High-strength plastic is used in the manufacture of the case, which completely prevents corrosion. The tank for abrasive material is mounted at the top. Sand is filled through the neck in the rear part, which is closed with a rotating lid. The flow regulator is located at the front.

The average cost of production is 4510 rubles.

sandblasting gun Rock Force RF – HSB – II

Advantages:

• resistant to overheating;
• possibility of non-stop operation for 8 hours;
• Rapid connection makes it easier to connect to the hose;
• durable;
• multifunctionality.

Flaws:

• weight 2 kg;
• may break if dropped;
• due to the large upper tank, operator visibility is minimal;
• price, but the device is worth it.

Barrel feed

Kraftool Expert Qualitat 06583

The German manufacturer launched production of goods in China, which made it possible to keep the price minimal and the quality worthy of attention. The model consumes 340 liters of air within one minute. The inlet fitting is ¼ inch in diameter. The hose from the compressor is attached using threaded connections. It fits well in the hand thanks to the textured handle. To prevent the trigger from pinching your ring finger, the handle has a separator. The device can be easily hung on a hook using a loop, thereby freeing the operator’s hands. Water can be taken from a water tap.

The average cost is 1509 rubles.

sandblasting gun Kraftool Expert Qualitat 06583

Advantages:

• there is a hole on the case for hanging;
• reliable grip;
• ergonomic handle;
• comfortable use minimizes fatigue;
• not damaged when dropped;
• lack of plastic components;
• performance;
• high-quality nozzles;
• Full visibility for the operator thanks to the lower tank.

Flaws:

• appearance may deteriorate over time;
• kinking the hose leads to poor air supply;
• the threaded connection does not allow you to quickly connect the hose to the compressor.

Mighty Seven SX – 3102

An American brand product has many advantages. It is equipped with a 700ml bottom tank and a stainless steel tube through which small particles pass. Although the pistol is plastic, this does not detract from its advantages. It has an unfolded shape with an angle of 110 degrees. This allows you to comfortably hold the device during operation.

Retailers offer high-quality products at a price of 3,430 rubles per unit.

sandblasting gun Mighty Seven SX – 3102

Advantages:

• ease of use of the trigger;
• uniform distribution of the load on the hand;
• reliable grip due to the relief of the handle;
• weight 350 g;
• possibility of continuous operation;
• can function with large factions;
• suitable for weak compressors;
• compact;
• possibility of use at height.

Flaws:

• performance;
• will not cope with paint;
• overcharge;
• If dropped, it may suffer mechanical damage.

Metabo SSP 1000

The German manufacturer offers its fans a high-quality device that has a built-in lower tank for abrasive. The body is made of metal and coated with paint. Thanks to the presence of a loop, it can be hung on a hook. The straight-through nozzle is made of hardened steel. The embossed tip makes it easy to remove. Product weight – 700 g, fitting with a diameter of ¼ inch, air consumption – 300 l/min.

The average cost is 1879 rubles.

sandblasting gun Metabo SSP 1000

Advantages:

• easy to use;
• cleans not only smooth surfaces, but also ribbed ones;
• ergonomic shape;
• can interact with various compressors;
• the hose quickly connects to the compressor;
• quality work.

Flaws:

• Over time, the appearance becomes unattractive.

Abac 756062

The main difference between the model is the aluminum tank with a capacity of 1 liter. Joins with just one touch. Light weight - 590 g. Convenient for cleaning areas. It enjoys well-deserved popularity among craftsmen due to its ease of use. The body is completely metal, there are no plastic structural elements at all. The product can withstand impacts and falls. The design is not afraid of scratches and other mechanical damage.

The average cost is 2120 rubles.

sandblasting gun Abac 756062

Advantages:

• simplicity and durability of the device;
• the operator's view is not blocked by the lower tank;
• the hose is quickly connected to the compressor;
• tank volume;
• presence of a hook for hanging;
• service life.

Flaws:

• sliding in hand;
• The metal casting of the body is not very neat.

Walmec 50316

The manufacturer focused on a completely metal body covered with rubber, which significantly increases its ease of use. There is a lower container for abrasive. The trigger is pressed with two fingers. Thanks to the protruding stopper on the handle, there is virtually no possibility of pinching the remaining free fingers.

The tank is made of aluminum, which prevents mechanical damage during a fall. Product weight – 920 grams, air flow – 500 l/min. For efficient operation, it is worth connecting a powerful compressor to the device. The presence of a hook on the back allows you to quickly free your hands.

If you study user reviews, the characteristics of the product are good. It allows you to quickly and efficiently remove rust, dirt, and paint from the surface, making the metal coating completely clean and shiny. Excellent performance is ensured by a 6mm nozzle, which makes it possible to use the unit for professional activities.

The average cost of products is 3589 rubles.

sandblasting gun Walmec 50316

Advantages:

• copes with dirty areas;
• continuous operation;
• service life;
• reliable;
• quality;
• multifunctionality;
• shockproof housing;
• tank volume – 1000 ml;
• weight;
• easy to use;
• safe if you follow the rules for working with it.

Flaws:

• It is recommended to connect to a compressor;
• sometimes the air line locking mechanism becomes clogged with sand;
• Not sold in all retail outlets.

Types of sandblasting guns for compressor

Today you can buy a nozzle for a sandblasting compressor quite inexpensively, which is due to the low quality of such a tool. However, for periodic use of such attachments in the household, they are quite sufficient. Professionals prefer to work with expensive sandblasting guns, which not only have high performance, but are also reliable.

Sandblasting equipment is divided into two types according to the principle of operation:

• Pressure type - abrasive material is supplied from the reservoir through a hose to the nozzle of the gun, and flies out through the nozzle onto the surface to be treated. The principle of operation of the pressure system is based on the fact that compressed air is supplied into a sealed container with sand, which pushes the fine mixture through a special channel into the chamber. The finely dispersed consistency supplied under constant pressure is picked up by a stream of compressed air and transported to the nozzle, from where it flies to the surface. These types of equipment are classified as professional, and they are often used for processing ships, bridges, etc.
• Ejector type (not to be confused with injection ones) - the operating principle is based on creating a pressure difference, from which the effect of suction of a finely dispersed consistency occurs. Sand and air are mixed in a special gun chamber and released through a nozzle

The operating principle of both devices is shown schematically in the photo above. The most popular are ejector-type devices, which are used not only by specialists in car services, but also by home craftsmen.

It is important to note that sandblasting guns differ in the type of location of the container with the abrasive substance

1. With a tank - the container is a component of the gun, which makes the tool similar to a spray gun. Nozzles with a tank have one significant drawback - the need to frequently interrupt to fill the container with sand. That is why such devices are used exclusively for processing small-sized surfaces. These attachments are also used for engraving on glass and other structures.
2. With a hose - used when processing large surfaces. The material is supplied from a separate container, which can have different sizes, which is a great advantage, allowing work to continue until the sand is completely used up. Sand is supplied from the container to the gun using a special connecting hose. The nozzle without a tank for connecting the hose is similar to a conventional blow gun

Before choosing a sandblasting gun, you need to decide what size surfaces you plan to process. Often, tools with built-in capacity are enough for home use.

Sand for sandblasting machine

The use of mechanical processing sometimes does not fully meet production requirements. In such cases, abrasive powder or sand is used. The most common materials are caper slag, quartz sand, and other types of raw materials. Different sizes allow you to choose sand to suit your needs.

The product is selected according to certain criteria:

• Hardness indicators characterize the durability of the abrasive. The hardness of raw materials is rated on a ten-point scale; a higher rating means more stable properties of the material during processing.
• Fraction means the degree of grain size. It is divided into complex, basic and minimal grain sizes. The choice of nozzle depends on the properties of the quartz sand fractions.
• Mechanical stability determines the nature of destruction upon contact with treated surfaces.
• Abrasiveness is an important meter that affects the parameters of the material required for processing.

Sand for sandblasting gun

It is important to remember that small sand particles save time during processing, while larger ones create a grainy surface, which makes further processing more accessible. The use of different grains affects the surface finish.

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The sandblasting gun, which is equipped with both industrial and domestic installations, is a universal device. With its help, you can effectively degrease various types of surfaces, clean them of dirt and old coatings, prepare them for subsequent finishing, and frost glass.

Pneumatic professional gun with sand intake from an external container

Homemade pistols

Craftsmen make such devices themselves at home. They are tank guns, and they use a 1-5 liter plastic bottle to store sand. The nozzle will have to be purchased ready-made, since you won’t be able to make it yourself. This part must be made of durable material, as it is exposed to sand and compressed air pressure. Additionally, it is worth buying a set of tips for the nozzle - even the highest quality ones will have to be changed regularly.

To process metal and concrete, you will need a powerful compressor; for wood, a device of medium or low power. Before putting the sand into the device, it must be washed, dried and sifted several times, otherwise the gun will quickly break.

Due to the moderate price of many models, before making your own, it is worth calculating the costs of components: it may be better to buy a ready-made device. In any case, the quality of processing of the products will be similar, so you will have to make the choice yourself.

Features and principle of operation

Sandblasting units are used to remove various types of contaminants from surfaces. Manufacturers produce several types of installations that are similar in principle: thanks to compressed air, an abrasive agent or sand flies out of the nozzle at great speed, crashing into the dirt and effectively removing it. These devices are used to clean buildings and metal structures from rust, old paint, dust and dirt.

Sandblasting is divided into types, depending on the type of action and power. Thus, the division occurs into the following devices:

Based on the type of action, devices are:

1. Pneumatic (pressure). They quickly and efficiently deal with heavy dirt or thick layers of rust. We are ready to cope with any volume of work, which is why we enjoy deserved popularity at large enterprises. A distinctive feature of these devices is the following: compressed air enters not only the installation, but also the abrasive dispenser, which significantly increases the speed of the released air stream.
2. Vacuum. The operating principle is as follows: an abrasive substance is applied to the contaminated base, immediately picked up by a vacuum and again thrown onto the contaminated area. May be used for certain activities that may cause damage to surfaces in the immediate vicinity.
3. Injection. Distinctive feature: air and abrasive mixture are supplied through different hoses. The power of the unit is small, so the device is not able to cope with significant pollution over large areas. However, for delicate cleaning this is the most acceptable option.

Sandblasting treatment options

Thanks to such installations, it is possible to tidy up various types of surfaces using:

1. Easy cleaning – removal of minor rust and scale. The result is a clean base, but some dirt may remain in hard-to-reach areas.
2. Medium cleaning – involves more thorough measures to remove paint, dirt and rust. Result: there remain pinpoint areas covered with corrosion.
3. Deep cleaning, providing ideal cleansing of all kinds of contaminants. It is used if the next stage of work is to apply paint and varnish.

Types of installations

Sandblasting machines are available in two types, the differences between which are indicated in the comparative table:

Popular models may also be:

1. Stationary. Installed in production workshops. Equipped with a built-in filtration system, connected to powerful ventilation systems, they are used for processing individual objects and parts, as well as small surfaces.
2. Mobile. As a rule, they are small-sized or homemade, made independently at home, using step-by-step instructions provided on the Internet. They can be used to process tanks, large equipment, building facades, and so on. Moved to a specific location, depending on the need.

Varieties

There are various models of equipment in stores. To choose a compressor for sandblasting, you need to know what types they are divided into. There are two types of compresses, which are classified according to the type of action:

• piston;
• screw.

Based on the type of power supply, there are two types of equipment:

• electrical;
• gasoline and diesel.

Piston

Piston compressors are considered the most common and popular. They are suitable for small amounts of work. They are used in garages, car services, and own workshops. They have certain features:

1. The air is not supplied in a uniform flow, but in jerks.
2. When choosing a piston sandblasting machine, preference should be given to oil-based models. Oil droplets may enter the air supply hose.

The design overheats during prolonged operation and requires frequent shutdown to cool down. As standard, this equipment is not suitable for connection to a sandblaster. To improve performance and increase efficiency, you need to purchase a compressor with an assembled air station. This design stabilizes the pressure, allows the engine to stop on its own to cool down and prevents oil from entering the air channel.

Screw

Screw-type compressor units supply air evenly. There are no jerks that prevent the surfaces from being evenly treated with abrasive material. Other features of the screw apparatus:

1. Stable operation for a long period of time.
2. No additional maintenance or fine adjustments are required.
3. Does not emit strong vibrations during operation.

However, despite such advantages, screw installations have not become widespread due to their size and cost. Most often, screw models are used to power several sandblasting machines.

Electrical

They are considered the most popular models that can be found on sale. However, equipment connected to the general power supply network requires a large amount of energy when processing massive structures. Because of this, the use of electrical devices is only advisable for small workshops, private houses and garages.

Electric compressor

Diesel and petrol

Equipment powered by liquid fuel has a number of advantages:

1. Operation is not affected by low temperature. Diesel systems have a special start button for winter.
2. When processing massive structures, they are more economical than electrical devices.
3. Does not require a network connection. Can work indoors without electricity

Equipment running on diesel and gasoline is more powerful than electric models. Also, we must not forget about the cooling system. When using internal combustion engines, it is more thoughtful and allows you to work with the equipment for a long time without turning it off.

Selecting a pistol by technical characteristics

To buy a quality sandblasting device, you need to pay attention to the following parameters:

1. Performance. This indicator reflects the volume of air in liters that passes through the compressor under pressure per unit time.
2. Air pressure. Typically, for high-quality processing of concrete and metal products, a pressure of 6–8 atmospheres is sufficient; for decorative work, 3–5 atmospheres is sufficient. Since the pressure in the compressor and at the outlet of the gun is not the same, the hose and nozzle must have different diameters.
3. Compressor power, number of revolutions/minute. These parameters also affect the overall performance of the device and should be taken into account when purchasing.

To process complex products, you should choose a gun that operates with the maximum possible pressure (usually 10 atmospheres), but it is not suitable for delicate substrates - the surfaces can be severely damaged

Other technical parameters that are worth paying attention to are:

• nozzle material – the most durable parts are considered to be those made of alloys with the addition of cobalt, tungsten carbide (ceramics and cast iron deteriorate much faster);
• type of nozzle fastening - a threaded pin is considered more reliable, since the union nut can become loosened over time due to constant vibration;
• ergonomics of the handle and shut-off and control valves - the more convenient it is, the easier it will be to work with the gun;
• the presence of mounting holes - with their help you can secure the gun and move the surface to be treated relative to the device itself.

What can you use, besides sand, to make your own sandblasting chamber?

In addition to sand, other types of consumables are suitable for operating the device:

1. Nickel and cooper slag. Some of the most popular options for sandblasting, which are obtained from copper and nickel production waste. The cost is the same as treated sand, but they are stronger and harder.
2. Steel and cast iron shot. Not only the most expensive option, but also the most durable. Used for quick but rough surface treatment.
3. Pomegranate sand. Harder than ordinary sand, but just as fragile. It is expensive and rarely used for work.
4. Glass and stainless steel shot. Sandblasting glass is mainly used for cleaning stainless steel surfaces.
5. Electrocorundum. Solid crystalline form of aluminum oxide. Virtually undamaged and suitable for even the most contaminated surfaces.

Steel and cast iron shot is the most durable abrasive.
If you look at photos of sandblasting, you will notice that the chamber is a rectangular structure. Most often this is a box welded from a metal corner, which is lined with thin steel sheets up to 1 mm thick

To make it easier to control the amount of abrasive during operation, it is best to place a glass or plastic viewing window along the long side.

On the front wall of the chamber there are 2 symmetrical holes with a diameter of 100-120 mm, into which special thick gloves are inserted. It should be borne in mind that they will be constantly exposed to abrasive forces, so replacing these elements should not cause difficulties.

The bottom of the chamber is made of reinforced mesh, under which there is a trench for used abrasive. Comfortable work is ensured by lighting. To do this, just take 2 lamps of the required size. The sandblasting gun is placed inside the chamber, and air is supplied using a hose connected to the outside. Thus, the material will not fly out, which will make it possible to reuse it. In fact, this design option allows you to create a sandblasting gun with an abrasive recycling system.

On a note! If you plan to clean non-standard products of large shape, it is recommended to cover the side edges with a durable tarpaulin. To make the camera as convenient as possible, you should not do the work by eye - it is better to prepare a drawing first.

In addition to sand, nickel and cooper slag, garnet sand, glass and stainless steel shot, as well as electrocorundum are used.

Homemade pistols

Effective use of a sandblaster depends on a quality gun. The main element is the nozzle, which is difficult to make at home. There are a lot of tools available on the market. To save money, it is possible to make a gun from a plastic bottle, fittings of different sizes, and other available materials.

Homemade sandblasting gun

Before starting assembly work, it is necessary to prepare a container for the abrasive composition. The best option is to use a cylinder that previously contained freon. For safety, before making the container of the sandblasting unit, it is necessary to release the remaining gas, which can be done with a compressor. Two holes are cut in the container, the first is for supplying abrasive to the system, the second is for loading it into the cylinder. When mobility is required during work, wheels are connected to the legs.

Any modification of a sandblasting machine consists of an attachment - a gun. Mixing of the material occurs through this element, on one side of which compressed air is supplied, and on the other, sand.

The working principle of sandblasting

The nozzle for the sandblasting gun is used according to the required performance. The output power of the jet depends on the diameter of the nozzle; the larger the nozzle, the higher the performance. The length of the nozzle plays a role in the degree of cleaning. A short tool in a gun is used for minor work, longer ones for large volumes of work and the thickness of the metal layer.

Types of guns for sandblasting

Each tool has its own technical parameters. The purpose and properties are determined by the manufacturer of sandblasting guns. There are several types of tools:

• Gun with a tank for abrasive mixture.
• Tool with hose outlet.

A sandblasting gun with a tank is used for frequent, short-term use. The main area of ​​application is car service stations where it is necessary to clean the metal from dirt and rust. In production, barrel models have successfully proven themselves in the processing of dishes and souvenirs. Also, the tool removes scale from metal products. The volume of the gun tank is not large; it requires frequent filling with the mixture during large-scale production.

Sandblasting gun with reservoir (left) and hose outlet (right)

Hose gun models are used for large jobs. The mixture of air and abrasive composition occurs in the body of the sandblasting gun. The hose outlet can be lowered into a container of the required size to perform at a fast pace. A gun with a hose is portable; it is easy to treat hard-to-reach places where you can’t reach with a tank.

Advantages and disadvantages

Sandblasting equipment allows you to process almost any material. The result of removing plaque, rust and other contaminants is one hundred percent. The shape of the abrasive particles makes the surface rough, making the product easy to paint in the future. The choice of cleaning method allows you to adapt the equipment to any requirements. The degree of work is divided into five categories, from minor cleaning to coarse element removal.

Due to their widespread use, sandblasting machines are popular both in production and in home life. A simple way is to buy a finished product, but this will require serious expenses and may not be worth the cost if used rarely. For one-time events, it is possible to purchase a unit for rent, however, with prolonged use, the rental may exhaust financial resources.

It is possible to make sandblasting equipment yourself; it is enough to have welding skills and read drawings. Manufacturing diagrams are available on the Internet, there are videos and instructions.

It should be understood that handling sandblasting equipment can be harmful to human health. It is necessary to fully comply with safety requirements, use a respirator and a protective suit. Also considered a disadvantage is the massive design, high material consumption for large production volumes.

Safety precautions

If safety precautions are not followed, sandblasting poses a serious health hazard. Basic rules that anyone working with this unit should know:

1. Eyes and skin must be protected. All small particles fly out of the gun at great speed. If they come into contact with exposed skin or mucous membranes, they cause severe damage. Therefore, when working, be sure to wear special clothing and glasses, since getting abrasives in the eyes is the most dangerous.
2. To prevent a powerful flow of dust from causing damage to the respiratory system, it is necessary to work with a sandblasting machine wearing a respiratory mask. A reliable ventilation system should be installed in the room if sandblasting work occurs there regularly.
3. Be sure to use headphones as the compressor produces high noise levels that can cause injury to the ear canal if used regularly under such conditions.

If you follow all the basic safety instructions, the device will not cause harm.

Required Items

The gun consists of a nozzle, adapter connections, and a sand supply valve. Holes for supplying air and abrasive must be installed in front of the valve. Correct installation and connection of all hoses allows you to extend the life of the equipment and improve production results. All gun fittings must be connected in the correct sequence. First of all, the connection occurs with the compressor. The sand supply hose is lowered into the container, and air is sucked in through a special tube.

DIY nozzles

The sandblasting installation consists of:

• A compressor that creates pressure and vacuum in the air system for operation and sand intake.
• Equipped with a nozzle and a special tip, the modernization requires a trigger for convenient operation.
• A system that supplies compressed air, consisting of a hose.
• Intake pipe.

To save abrasive material, in most cases a special chamber is used. Such a device can be made from available materials. The appearance of the camera resembles a box with holes for the hands and glass for viewing.

Design features

The operating principle of any sandblasting equipment is not difficult. The compressor pushes the abrasive material with a stream of air to the nozzle through which the processing occurs. The result obtained depends directly on the quality of the nozzle.

Sandblasting injection gun device

The main elements of a sandblasting gun:

• The abrasive material is transferred through the nozzle opening.
• The nozzle tip is made of ceramic or special steel.
• The handle provides start-up and convenient manipulation.
• The sandblasting gun is equipped with outlets for connecting air and compound hoses.

In general, sandblasting equipment consists of a compressor that pumps air pressure, a gun, hoses and a suction valve.

Application of technology

Sand treatment is used for the following purposes.

1. Treatment of metal products to remove rust or paint residues before applying anti-corrosion coatings and other protective agents to the surface of structural elements.
2. Grinding the surface of wooden, stone, plastic, ceramic or metal blanks, parts or finished products for subsequent application of a decorative coating.
3. Applying inscriptions and drawings on household items or furniture.
4. Frosting of glass. It is used when processing mirrors to give them an opaque effect, for applying patterns to glass (artistic matting). This method is also used for decorating glass surfaces of dishes, processing window glass, shower panels. Used in production.
5. Restoration of decorative art objects or other products.
6. Degreasing metal parts before their subsequent coating with varnish or paint.
7. Processing walls to give them the effect of surface roughness.
8. Giving wooden products an aging effect. It is used when processing furniture, interior items, and decorative elements: caskets, figurines, boxes, drawers.
9. Grinding of car parts and surface cleaning of the body from dirt and corrosion for subsequent processing.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a sandblasting gun?

Each tool has not only advantages, but also disadvantages. The situation is similar with sandblasting nozzles for a compressor. Their advantages include:

1. Fast and effective processing of various types of surfaces - metal, plastic, wood, glass
2. Ability to access hard-to-reach places, which is often impossible to do manually or with power tools
3. The ability to independently manufacture nozzles. Many home craftsmen make sandblasting guns with their own hands from improvised materials.
4. Large selection of nozzles, differing in external design, as well as the name of the manufacturer
5. High productivity, which has a positive effect on saving time

With the advent of sandblasting guns for compressors, they have gained great popularity. However, if you are not familiar with this device, then do not rush to buy it until you know all the negative aspects:

1. The service life directly depends on the quality of the tool, and the higher this indicator, the correspondingly more expensive the nozzle will be. Cheap models have a short service life
2. Noisy operation
3. The need not only to use high-quality nozzles, but also to periodically replace them when worn out
4. Loss of abrasive material during operation

Another drawback that can be identified is the need for additional surface cleaning and sand removal. However, such manipulations must be performed after any type of processing.

Areas of application of sandblasting devices

The most common industry is body repair. This technique helps to quickly and effectively remove old paint, rust, grease and other contaminants from the surface. The device is often used when repairing disks: if a part is peeling, dented or damaged, then before starting to restore it, they first carry out high-quality cleaning, and then paint.

What are the advantages of a sandblasting unit? The result of metal grinding with this tool is unique, which cannot be achieved manually. This method removes even the most pinpoint elements of corrosion “hidden” in pits, minor pores and microcracks, which allows minimizing the rusting process of the metal base. Products cleaned in this way last much longer and are less susceptible to corrosion. As for the surface, it turns out surprisingly smooth. If there are no scratches, the primer and paint cover the parts perfectly.

In addition to car repairs, sandblasting devices are widely used in:

• furniture production;
• ship repair and shipbuilding;
• during major repairs of construction projects;
• wood processing industry;
• when cleaning foundations from brick and concrete;
• in the process of metal engraving;
• creating intricate patterns on glass;
• pre-treatment of products before applying thermal spraying and the use of galvanic operations;
• when matting ceramics and glass.

Powerful devices made of high-strength material and endowed with special functions through the use of various attachments are used for drilling holes, grooves and grooves. Designer imagination using such a unit allows you to treat the surface in such a way that the material “ages” and acquires a vintage look.

Required parameters

First of all, it is worth remembering that sandblasting performance directly depends on the amount of air and maximum pressure that the compressor is capable of producing. It is believed that to operate with a nozzle with a diameter of five millimeters, a productivity of 500 l/min is sufficient, but experts recommend 700–1 thousand l/min, at a pressure of around 6–8 bar. But do not forget that this figure is a recommendation. The required optimal pressure and volume in each specific case will differ and depend on several factors:

• abrasive hose diameter;
• air hose diameter;
• length of highways;
• nozzle diameter;
• quality and fraction of the abrasive used.

Based on these criteria, you can estimate the approximate consumption of abrasive, and therefore the productivity of the device as a whole.

A larger volume of air allows the use of larger diameter nozzles, which, in turn, makes it possible to increase the cleaning spot and, consequently, the speed of surface treatment. As for the pressure, it can be different, depending on the type of surface being cleaned:

• for cleaning concrete, stone or brick – 3–5 bar;
• for cleaning metal surfaces – 6–8 bar;
• for work on cleaning coatings resistant to mechanical damage – 9–12.

Approximately 12 bar, can be used if it is necessary to deliver the air-sand mixture to a height of more than sixty meters. Although, in such cases it is recommended to increase the distance due to the length of the air hose.

Review of popular models

1. Sandblasting machine Inforce S 4020B - has a tank capacity of 63 liters, operating pressure - 8 atmospheres. Abrasive material consumption - 40 kg/h, air consumption - 707 l/min, maximum productivity - 2.8 m2/h. The device weighs 21 kg and has rubberized wheels. Glass beads, aluminum oxide, granite chips, silicon dioxide, and steel chips can be used as an abrasive. The design of the Inforce S 4020B is simple and reliable; the installation allows for easy and quick replacement of nozzles.
2. Sandblasting machine ZITREK IM-30 015−1011 - the device can be used in auto repair shops, where there is often a need to clean metal surfaces from rust, paintwork, and scale. Sandblasting is an injection device, which affects its performance characteristics: with a fairly high productivity (up to 3 m2/h), ZITREK IM-30 015−1011 is economical. The unit uses steel sand, silicon carbide, steel or cast iron shot as an abrasive. Tank volume - 30 l, operating pressure - 6 atmospheres. The device weighs 25 kg.
3. The Sorokin 10.8 sandblasting chamber is a chamber with a large tank with a volume of 220 liters; it is used for dry cleaning of metal surfaces from rust, old paint, scale or carbon deposits. The abrasive material for this installation can be electrocorundum or river sand; the diameter of the fractions ranges from 0.1 mm to 0.8 mm, which depends on the type of work and the quality of the surface being treated. The camera has features that make the operator's work easier: rubber sleeves to protect hands and an illuminated viewing window to control the work process. During operation, a pressure of up to eight atmospheres is created, the chamber is highly reliable and structurally stable.
4. Abrasive blasting chamber Russian KSO-80-I-FV-M 015−0038 - the device allows you to perform high-quality processing of metal surfaces using sand, electrocorundum, silicon carbide or metal shot. The volume of the working tank of the device is 80 l, the weight of the installation is 180 kg. During operation, a pressure of up to seven atmospheres is created, air flow is 1200 l/min. Productivity - up to three squares per hour. The presence of detailed instructions and the simple design of the camera allow even low-skilled specialists to operate it. The Russian KSO-80-I-FV-M 015−0038 camera is intended for operation only in enclosed spaces when connected to a ventilation system.
5. The ZITREK DSMG-160 015−1178 pressure abrasive blasting unit is designed for high-speed cleaning of surfaces from paint residues, rust and carbon deposits. The installation can be used both indoors and outdoors for cleaning building facades when performing various repair work. Fast and high-quality cleaning of surfaces is achieved thanks to the pressure action of the installation. Technical characteristics of the device: tank volume - 160 l, pressure - 12 atmospheres, weight - 96 kg, productivity - 273 m2/h. The installation can be operated at an ambient temperature of 5−35° C above zero, with a humidity of no more than 80%.

If you can’t buy a device, you can try to make it yourself.

Compressor unit design

When choosing a compressor, it is recommended to decide which engine will be used for the drive. Typically used:

• Electric motors, they operate on 220 or 380 V.
• Gasoline engines consume A-92 gasoline as fuel (usually four-stroke devices are installed, but some manufacturers also install two-stroke engines).
• Diesel power plants. Solar oil is used as fuel.

Types of drives for household and industrial compressors:

Compressor equipped with diesel engine. Power is 12 kW, equipped with a 350 l receiver:

Heat engines allow compressors to operate autonomously. Such installations are operated when performing work at a distance from power sources. They are used to work on remote construction sites:

1. During the repair and construction of bridges and overpasses. There it is necessary to clean the reinforcement from various impurities before subsequent pouring with concrete.
2. In case of destruction of objects taken out of service. The country is undergoing an extensive renovation of the housing stock. We have to demolish buildings that are unfit for habitation. They contain significant volumes of metal frames. To remove construction waste, you need to remove the reinforcement. Sandblasting units assist in cleaning.
3. If it is necessary to use high-performance equipment, compressors based on diesel or gasoline engines can produce tens of cubic meters per minute.

A household compressor uses a single-cylinder device. The drive is carried out by a V-belt. It is these installations that have become widespread in small car repair shops:

• Electrical equipment with power supply up to 3.0...3.5 kW is usually operated from a 220 V network. They are connected with ordinary plugs. In this case, the current consumption does not exceed 15 A. Such installations are used in small industries or by individual entrepreneurs engaged in car repairs.
• If it is necessary to use more productive units, a 380 V network is used for power supply. It is capable of connecting compressors that consume up to 90...100 kW of electricity. Such installations can produce up to 5...10 m³/min. Such devices are installed in industrial enterprises.
• In factories or workshops, they try to locate power equipment in a separate room. Then the sound from operating devices will tire the ears of workers less. Compressed air is supplied from compressors through pipes.
• Modern enterprises widely use polypropylene pipes. They are easy to weld together, and it is not difficult to organize branching and distribution to different consumers.
• To evenly load the network with compressed air, receivers are installed near consumers. They smooth out pressure pulsations. The available reserve allows the operation of technological equipment in optimal modes.
• To operate sandblasting, they try to place a 500...800 liter receiver near the object. Then, during operation, a productivity reserve will be provided. The work will be carried out in a stable mode.

Video: compressor for sandblasting.

Classification and application

The main purpose of a sandblasting gun is to pre-clean the car body of stubborn contaminants that cannot be removed by chemical methods. However, the device is also suitable for effectively cleaning any metal surfaces before painting, patination or anodizing.

A sandblasting gun for a compressor uses the injection phenomenon, when a pressure difference is artificially created in the flow supplied from the compressor through a compressed air reducer. Thanks to this, the speed and, accordingly, the kinetic energy of the flow automatically increases. If the air along the way is “weighted” with some fine abrasive material (sand, slag or corundum), then the cleaning efficiency will further increase.

The method of discharging the sandblasting mixture may be different. For example, if you have a powerful compressor with a significant flow rate (from 600...800 l/min), you can use the injection of the mixture through a gun. Ejector sandblasting guns operate on this principle. However, they are less common because they are characterized by increased energy consumption per unit of cleaned area.

In turn, sandblasting injection guns are in many cases more effective than sandblasting chambers: they are bulky and require special care during operation, while the gun only needs to be blown out after each use and periodically inspected at the seal points.

According to the method of supplying abrasive, sandblasting guns for compressors with a tank and with a hose are distinguished. Working with a device of the first type will be periodic in nature - filled, worked, turned off, refilled. Therefore, guns with a tank are more necessary for cleaning relatively small surfaces (up to 1...2 m2), and mostly flat ones. Guns with a hose are less mobile, but they allow you to work for a longer period of time, and the complexity of the configuration of the surface to be cleaned does not matter to them.

This is interesting: Types and methods of sandblasting: we analyze it from all sides

Principle of operation

Sandblasting equipment is used to process metal, stone and glass surfaces. To understand how effective such devices are, you need to know their operating principle:

1. Using a compressor, pressure is built up and air flows into the tank. It is pre-filled with abrasive material.
2. The air mixes with small solid particles. The master opens the valve.
3. The mixture is supplied to the gun through the connecting hose.
4. After pressing the trigger, the abrasive is supplied to the working surface through the gun nozzle.

Selection by technical parameters

When choosing a sandblasting machine, in addition to the design, it is important to take into account the characteristics that directly determine the performance and capabilities of the tool. One of the primary indicators is the volume of air flow

It is important to take this value into account when comparing the maximum compressor performance and the power potential of a sandblasting gun of a certain design. The air flow of the first should be 20% higher than that of the device.

No less significant is the working pressure, which on average ranges from 3 to 10 atmospheres. This characteristic determines the effectiveness of the treatment - that is, how great the abrasive effect will be. For decoration, you can opt for models with low operating pressures. But if you plan to process metals and concrete structures, then only a high-pressure sandblasting gun will do the job. But when choosing a powerful device, do not forget about preserving the main surface from damage by sand.

Which sandblasting gun should you choose?

Which instrument should you choose? All of these sandblasting guns will perform their function well. Therefore, you need to choose based on your personal needs. If your budget is limited, then ELITECH 0704.013800 is suitable. or Patriot GH 166B. Such a purchase will certainly not hurt your pocket, but they both do not have a sand tank.

If operating time and productivity are important, then the gun from Wester SSP-20 is perfect. It is designed for long-term use on large surfaces. The quartz sand that is used for working with it is less dusty than river sand. This makes work more comfortable. Although safety glasses are still needed.

Brief conclusions

Based on the facts listed above, you should not rely on used equipment when planning large volumes of work. The frequency and number of failures can seriously affect the delivery time of the object, significantly increase its cost, or, in general, lead to a complete breakdown of the work, which will immediately affect your well-being.

Leading manufacturers of compressor equipment consider the normal service life to be from three to ten years. Installations older than this age are an extremely dubious and risky investment, which, ultimately, can backfire on you and hurt your pocket. And there are more than enough such offers on the secondary market.

Considering all of the above, it is worth learning a fairly simple fact - the compressor is the heart of any sandblasting equipment. Incorrect selection or poor condition will inevitably lead to:

• to reduce the required speed and quality of sandblasting work;
• a sharp increase in the cost of sandblasting operation;
• increasing costs.

Don’t forget about your reputation; if the sandblasting unit suddenly fails, you will most likely miss all conceivable deadlines, as a result of which you will lose a client.

The final decision on how to choose a compressor for sandblasting depends entirely on you. But we hope that our article will help you make the right choice and do your job successfully.