Poly V-belt: dimensions according to GOST, characteristics

What does a serpentine belt mean?

Polycline (from English “ribbed belt”) is the same as rivulet. Installed to transmit rotation of the drive shaft to the driven shafts of the generator and power steering pump. The poly V-belt has grooves located longitudinally.

There are several types of belts for transmitting rotational motion: crankshaft - generator - pump - power steering pump.

Classification according to the method of energy transfer:

• friction transmission;
• gear transmission.

Classification by type of belts:

1. flat belts;
2. wedge:
   CVT;
3. ventilators;
4. multi-stranded;
5. poly V-belts;
6. traction belts;
7. toothed;
8. transportation (conveyor belts);
9. lingering;
10. round belts (passic).

Applicability of BELTS

ATTENTION: on this page we tried to collect as much information as possible about the applicability of various belts on equipment. Due to the wide range of belts, we recommend contacting the managers of our company for quick selection and consultation by calling 977-02-02.

Applicability of Finwhale drive belts to domestic car models:

Applicability of V-belts on garden equipment:

This table shows examples of the applicability of poly-V-ribbed drive belts of section RK:

V-belts for fans

Fan V-belts with molded teeth without side facings TU 2564-431-00149311-2006

Poly V-belts

BELTS made by HanseGermany:

Accepted notation scheme:

H – the first letter of the company name HANSE R – structure of HANSE numbers in the group of drive belts – V-belts and poly-V-belts. 6RK-698 – poly-wedge with 6 ribs, effective length 698 mm. AVX-10-875 – wedge, width 10 mm, effective length 875 mm. Z – structure of HANSE numbers in the group drive belts – timing belts.

Characteristics of poly V-belt:

• high efficiency, about 98%;
• used in high-speed, highly loaded units;
• Poly V-belts (PR) operate with minimal noise than conventional belts;
• Wide range, can be used on shafts with small diameters, less than 20 mm.
• The wear threshold is high, long service life.

Thanks to its geometry and quality of materials, a poly V-belt or ridge belt transmits power with virtually no loss. Where such belts are installed, there must be tensioners.

What is a serpentine belt?

Daewoo Nexia.
Electrical circuits The belts that were installed on machines 20-30 years ago were mainly V-shaped (V-shaped), with a trapezoidal (wedge) profile; this shape did not provide reliable transmission of rotation; various problems arose:

• the strap often stretched and broke (the service life was on average 20-25 thousand km), and could fly off from time to time;
• normal alignment between the pulleys of the generator, pump and engine was not achieved;
• due to the small contact area with the pulleys, the belt slipped; even the toothed shape (another variety) did not provide normal transmission of torque.

A poly-V belt, unlike a V-belt, is flat; it also has several wedges, but they are shallow. Due to the fact that the belt is wide, with several rivules, a more reliable transmission of rotation is ensured; with this shape it is easier and more accurate to place the drive pulleys coaxially.

The PR has several names, which can even get you confused; the belt is also called drive, generator, rivulet, bypass, multi-stream, but in essence, these are names of the same part. Premium cars have various additional equipment installed, so there may be several drive belts.

In order to clearly fix the direction of the PR, there are rollers in the belt drive circuit; the necessary tension is provided by a special adjustable mechanism called a tensioner. The strap cannot be too loose or too tight; incorrect adjustment will cause the part to quickly fail; it is not in vain that the condition and tension of the PR is checked at every maintenance.

Structure of a poly V-belt:

1. Bearing layer. This layer is made of durable composite material threads. The threads are distributed evenly around the perimeter of the product. They are both durable and capable of slightly extending. Attached securely to the base layer. At large stretches, belts with such threads evenly distribute the load over the entire belt area, which promotes smooth energy transfer.
2. Coating. This layer must be flexible and have a long service life. This coating reliably protects the supporting layer.
3. The basis. The base consists of rows of parallel V-shaped grooves. Such teeth create good adhesion to the shaft pulley. The base layer is made of a durable material, such as polychloroprene elastomer, covered with transversely reinforcing fibers.

Brook belt

It is noteworthy that the poly V-belt has another, slightly less common name.
Due to its appearance, namely due to the presence of many straight stripes-wedges and grooves-grooves between them, reminiscent of rivulets, this drive belt began to be called rivulet. Actually, the number of such streams varies depending on how much power the product must transmit: the more wedges a poly V-belt has, the more reliable its adhesion to the pulleys. Consequently, the load is distributed most evenly over the entire length, and this allows you to extend the service life. The minimum number of wedges that a ripple belt can have is only 3 pieces. However, such products are used extremely rarely, since their transmitting power is low. Basically, in the drives of various mechanisms, for example, passenger cars, poly V-belts are installed, in which the number of strands starts from 4 and reaches 7. In more powerful and heavier types of machines, as a rule, rivet belts are installed, having from 8 to 10 wedges. For trucks and other heavy equipment, the number of these streams can reach almost any value that is necessary.

For example, there are products consisting of 12 wedges, as well as 16 wedges and even 20 rivulets. Of course, the poly V-belt pulleys, like the drives themselves, will differ in width in each case, and the number of clutch strips in them will correspond to the number of rivulets. In addition, poly V-belts can be combined with several pulleys at once, since they are characterized by reverse bending during installation, and they are also capable of semi-cross transmission with non-parallel shafts. These properties are achieved due to their unique design, which also allows:

1. Transmit power up to 20 kW per edge
2. Operate at rotation speeds up to 60 meters per second
3. Operate at temperatures from -30°C to +80°C
4. Withstand exposure to many aggressive environments
5. Provide 98% efficiency

At the same time, ripple belts are resistant to vibration and also make virtually no noise when rotating. They maintain fairly high gear ratios and provide the least imbalance, since the gear mechanism for this type of product already has the smallest dimensions compared, for example, with conventional wedge products. The fact is that poly V-belt pulleys are smaller in width and have a lower mass of rotating elements. In addition, they are resistant to all weather conditions and wear. Due to these characteristics, they are used in a variety of industries:

• In cars and trucks
• In agricultural machinery and units
• In machines and equipment
• In household and special equipment
• In medical devices

V-ribbed belt profiles

Poly V-belts, like any other types of drive belts, have a fairly large size range. Their main parameters are length, width and height. Actually, the last two parameters form a special classification called a profile. The profiles of poly V-belts also differ in the shape of the wedges. In particular, profiles PH, PJ, PK, PL and PM imply a truncated trapezoidal profile. But the profiles of poly V-belts K, L, M imply a full type of profile with a sharp wedge shape. The height of the teeth, as well as the distance between them, that is, the pitch, will differ in each of these profiles:

Actually, the profiles of poly V-belts PH, PJ, PK, PL, RM are considered international, but K, L, M are already domestic. In Russia, the technical specifications are considered the manufacturing standard for ripple belts. However, they may differ depending on the specific manufacturer. For example, there are TU 38-105763-89, as well as TU 2563-040-70453527-2004. In Europe, poly-V-belts are produced according to the German standard DIN 7867 and the British ISO 9982. The profiles of the poly-V-belts themselves, the number of strands, as well as their length, are applied to a flat face to indicate a specific standard size. It looks like this:

Designation of imported poly V-belts using the example of belt 6 PJ 2000

Designation of domestic poly V-belts using the example of belt 8 M 7650

Both Russian and foreign profiles of poly-V-belts are equally good at transmitting torque between shafts in a wide variety of machines and mechanisms due to their high-quality adhesion to drive pulleys. These products are capable of operating in any climatic conditions and under the influence of fairly large mechanical loads, showing high resistance to wear. In addition, drive poly-V belts are inertia-free, that is, they do not slip both during startup and during stopping of any mechanism due to their unique design.

Where is the longitudinal groove belt used?

Ribbed or multi-ribbed belts have a wide range of applications:

• in units operating under high loads;
• in designs with high gear ratios;
• in structures with high angular velocities;
• in designs with small diameter belt shafts.

PRs are in demand in the automotive industry, tractor, machine tool, metallurgical, chemical, household, and nuclear energy industries.

Such a simple element in belt drives as a belt solves many issues. Thanks to the use of a high-quality rivulet-type belt, the following indicators are improved:

1. Reduced noise levels.
2. Increased turnaround time.

In order not to reduce the life of the alternator belt, you should monitor the operation of the alternator overrunning clutch.

Timing belts

Timing drive belts are made of high quality rubber or polyurethane.
The principle of operation of transmission mechanisms where synchronous belts are used is the transmission of rotational impulse due to the interlocking of transverse teeth that are present on the belt and pulley. The products are most widely used in mechanisms where special importance is attached to the specified position of the pulleys and their synchronous rotation. Designs of this type have found application in:

• automated equipment,
• household appliances,
• industrial devices,
• in the automotive industry.

Since in transmissions of this type, movement occurs as a result of the engagement of the pulley with the belt teeth, designers pay special attention to the shape of the tooth, which determines the reliability of the transmission. On the modern specialized market there are belts with trapezoidal or semicircular tooth shapes, as well as double-sided ones.

Drive belts with parabola-shaped teeth on both sides (double-sided timing belts) are used to transmit high motor impulses at low speeds. Simply put, they are used in conjunction with high-torque engines. And the unusual shape of the teeth provides high load capacity due to better stress distribution over the entire surface of the belt.

Dimensions and geometry

V-ribbed belts for a car generator come in different sizes, depending on the equipment. Ribbed belts can also be installed in the design of air conditioners, gas distribution mechanisms (GRM), etc.

Belt size table according to GOST:

GOST dimensions of ribbed belts

Worn poly V-belt

No matter how high-quality the product is, when its service life expires, it is subject to significant mechanical wear. A worn-out part in the design of a car assembly can affect the quality and safety of movement and the operation of the engine.

For those who do not yet know that you can diagnose the main components of a car with your own hands, we have prepared material: How to diagnose a car using a laptop.

Therefore, it is recommended to periodically carry out diagnostics of belts:

1. Inspection of external condition. Visual inspection is the main way to detect mechanical damage. If thread delamination or cracks appear, it must be replaced as quickly as possible.
2. Inspect not only the belt, but also the pulleys. If there are chips on the pulleys, they create scuffs on the side surfaces of the belt, which leads to very rapid wear.
3. Inspect the pulleys for oil. Oil and other fuel and lubricant products should not be present on the surfaces of pulleys and belts.
4. In addition, it is necessary to regularly inspect the tension rollers. Make sure that the tension rollers hold the belt properly.
5. Check the belt tension level.

The belt and tension rollers should be checked every 15 thousand km. When replacing the belt, it is recommended to change the tension rollers as well.

When a heavily worn belt, not only a rivulet V-belt, but also other types, extraneous noise appears.

Car repair and maintenance professionals recommend changing the alternator belt at least every 50,000 km. The belt must be tensioned so that the deflection coefficient is no more than 0.5 cm. If it is impossible to tension so that the deflection is less than 0.5 cm, then the problem is in the rollers.

Important! Inspect the belt when purchasing to ensure there are no burrs or cracks. Even expensive belts need to be inspected. All types of goods have their own percentage of defects.

V-belts: types, markings and belt selection

09/05/2018 |
Reviews: 3 | 40704 V-belts are used in belt drives, and among all belts this type is the most popular. Unlike flat belts, their cross-section is trapezoidal or wedge-shaped.

Typically belts consist of:

1. Stretch layer (rubber layer);
2. Elastic layer (rubber);
3. Supporting layer (cord cord for belts of cord design);
4. Supporting layer (fabric frame for belts of cord fabric construction);
5. Compression layer (consists of rubber);
6. Wrapper.

Why are V-belts capable of transmitting greater loads than flat ones?

As in other belt drives, the torque from the drive V-pulley to the belt and from it to the driven pulley is carried out due to friction forces. But in a V-belt drive, the working surfaces are the side surfaces of the belt. In this case, the contact patch is much larger than in a flat belt.

This means more friction force and, therefore, more transmitted torque. To increase the contact patch it is not necessary to increase the diameter of the pulley. It makes more sense, from the point of view of the dimensions of the structure, to choose a pulley of small diameter, but with several belts. In this case they say multi-strand pulley.

Advantages of using V-belts

• Simplicity of design.
  A belt and two pulleys are simpler than a gear or chain drive, the parts of which are structurally more complex and require greater manufacturing precision. The simplicity of the design means it is cheap.
• Easy to care for.
  The belt drive does not require special care and lasts until the belt wears out.
• Silence.
  The belt is made of rubber or other similar materials that perfectly dampen any noise. In a chain one, the noise level will always be higher.
• Ability to withstand excessive loads without transmission failure.
  When the force on the pulley is higher than the calculated one, the V-belt or any other belt will simply slip. In a chain drive, overload will lead to breaking the chain or licking off the key; in a gear drive, it will lead to chipping of the teeth.
• Ability to transmit forces over significant distances.
  If you use a chain drive, the chain has significantly more weight compared to a belt drive, which will require additional drive power.

Types of belts

Standard profile V-belts:

Z/10, A/13, B/17, C/22, 25x, D/32, E40

Narrow V-belts:

SPZ, SPA, SPB, SPC, 3V/9N, 5V/15N, 8V/25N

V-belt length marking

L or La

This is the length along the outer (top) side.

Lw, Lp, Ld

The calculated (working) length of the belt (this is the length along the neutral line, that is, along the belt tension line - along the cord).

Li

Length along the inner (bottom) side.

How V-belts are marked

There are several types of V-belt markings:

• According to GOST 1284-89;
• According to the European standard DIN 2215;
• According to the international ISO standard;
• According to American RMA standard.

Designation of V-belts according to GOST 1284-89

Manufacturers in the CIS countries adhere to this marking. And also the Chinese, who supply their goods to this market. According to it, the designation of a V-belt indicates the profile and estimated length - Lp (Lw or Ld in Western catalogs)

. The estimated length is the length of the belt measured along the cord.

Designation example: Belt D(G) 2500 GOST 1284.1, where:

• D(G) – profile designation;
• 2500 – estimated belt length in mm.

In European markings, profiles are designated not by letters, but by numbers; the belt designation indicates the length along the inner edge - Li, since the length of the inner edge can be directly measured.

Designation example: Belt 25×2000, where:

• 25 – profile number;
• 2000 – internal belt length.

ISO marking is almost identical to GOST, only the profiles are designated in Latin letters. The estimated length is also indicated by the profile (cord) - Lp (Lw or Ld in Western catalogues).

Designation example: Belt SPZ 2000 Lw, where:

• SPZ – profile designation;
• 2000 – estimated belt length;
• Lw - length marking.

In the USA, letters are used to designate a profile. But the geometric dimensions of the profile are indicated in inches.

The length of the belt is measured, as in Europe - along the inner edge.

Designation example: Belt B 43, where:

• B - belt profile;
• 43 – internal belt length in inches.

Profile marking Width, mm Height, mmGOST ISO DIN RMA Wa Wp Wi TClassic beltsNarrow

The length of a domestic and Chinese-made belt must be measured along the cord (it is clearly visible on the side edges). Another way is to measure the internal or external length, and then find the working length from the manufacturer's catalogs.

The length of a European or American V-belt must be measured along the inner edge.

Measuring the geometric dimensions of the profile does not cause any difficulties. All measurements must be carried out with the belt in a free (not tensioned) state.

How to choose a V-belt

It is highly recommended to select a belt in strict accordance with the documentation for the equipment in which it is used. Belts from different manufacturers that have the same geometric dimensions may differ in strength characteristics.

If it is not possible to supply exactly the same belt, it is necessary, in accordance with the manufacturers’ catalogs, to select the closest analogue in size. In the case of an American belt, do not forget to convert its length and profile dimensions from inches to millimeters (for this you need to multiply by 25.4).

Types of wear on V-belts

We list the factors due to which the belt drive can fail, as well as the reasons for their occurrence:

1. Excessive stretching caused by:

• Inconsistency between the cross-sectional area of ​​the belt and the resulting loads;
• Poor quality belt;
• The belt length does not correspond to the required design length.

1. Increased wear caused by:

• Inconsistency between the area of ​​the side faces and the resulting loads;
• Mismatch between the belt profile and the pulley profile;
• Pulley misalignment;
• Jamming of pulleys.

With proper selection and operation of the belt drive, it will serve for years.

Alignment and tension of V-belts

When installing a belt drive, parameters such as alignment and tension of the V-belts are very important. Deviations from the design values ​​should not exceed tolerances according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Otherwise, increased wear of the belt will be observed, the service life is much shorter than that indicated in its passport.

When replacing a belt and during its operation, it is recommended to measure the tension and alignment of the pulleys using measuring tools.

V belt meters

V-belt manufacturers

There are many belt manufacturers, which can be divided into three categories:

• Premium:
  Optibelt, GATES, Contitech, BANDO, SKF;
• Standard:
  Rubena, STOMIL, Fenner TOP DRIVE;
• Economy:
  China and domestic manufacturers.

As with other components, we recommend installing original premium quality belts on critical components where downtime and stoppages are unacceptable.

We offer products in various price categories from European, Japanese, American and Chinese manufacturers. If necessary, our specialists will select the required transmission in a complex in accordance with the provided initial data.

Prices

Cost of poly V-belts:

• for AUDI cars - BOSCH belt - from 251 rubles;
• for Porsche cars - Contitech 3РК600 belt - from 255 rubles;
• for Ford cars - BOSCH belt - from 253 rubles;
• for Citroen - Skf belt - from 259 rubles;
• for Alfa Romeo - Bosch belt - from 250 rubles;
• for BMW - Skf - from 250 rubles;
• for Cadillac cars - Gates belt - from 825 rubles;
• for a Hummer car - Contitech belt - from RUB 2,701;
• for Jaguar - Dayco belt - from 305 rubles;

Then the list continues, approximately in the same price range - from 250 rubles for 2021. VAZ LADA, AUDI, BMW, Mercedes, cars from Korea or China, etc., do not require large investments to replace the belt. For Rolls-Royce, Bentley, Ferrari and other top world cars, accordingly, belts cannot be bought in ordinary car stores.

Variable speed belts

Variable speed belts are widely used in almost all industries and are designed to transfer power from shaft to shaft, allowing you to change the speed of rotation of the drive. It is most advisable to use variable speed belts in the drives of grain harvesters, scooters and snowmobiles.

Different units use different drive mechanisms, so drive belts that are optimal for the design are used. The general advantages of all belt drives include:

• the ability to transmit high-power motor impulses and high rotational frequencies;
• good transmission connections and their smooth adjustment;
• small dimensions of the transmission mechanism;
• low maintenance costs;
• significant efficiency;
• large operating temperature range;
• immunity to aggressive environments and abrasion;
• low price and ease of replacement if necessary.

Today it is not difficult to buy a drive belt of the required type in Minsk from a trusted manufacturer. This can be done in the Klinotex online store.