Do-it-yourself manual winch: manufacturing instructions, drawings

Homemade winches from various materials

A winch can be made from a variety of readily available materials. These are mainly spare parts from automotive equipment, other devices and mechanisms whose service life has expired. Finding available materials - metal pipes, iron sheets, different types of cables is also not a problem. There are several types of winches that are increasingly popular.

Winch from starter

A DIY starter winch is a convenient option for saving money. In order for a homemade winch from a starter to realize its potential, you will need:

12 volt gear starter (easy to find from VAZ 2106 or 2110).
As a gearbox (reduction), you can get by with a drill assembly.
For the casing that covers the space between the engine and the gearbox, a piece of pipe (for example, PVC) is suitable. It should be easy to disassemble for access inside and maintenance of the device.
The drum is often made of durable (from 120 mm) steel pipe and sheet iron (2-3 mm).
Gears, cable, electrical wiring.

To make such a winch from a starter, a platform is made from a sheet of metal, and components are attached to it. The drum seats are then welded to it. The gearbox is welded so that the input shaft is on top. An adapter for the starter is attached to the gearbox, and gear teeth are attached to the input shaft. For this, the flywheel crown is used. Then the starter and wiring are attached.

Winch from wiper motor

To make a winch, you can use a motor that previously used a windshield wiper or windshield wipers for its work. These devices are capable of showing good results and lifting weights up to 300 kg.

It is popular to use such a mechanism to mount a blade on a vehicle of sufficient cross-country ability (for example, Niva) - for clearing snow or similar tasks.

Winch from KAMAZ ratchet

A truck brake ratchet (a self-leveling mechanism for adjusting brakes) is a popular option for a homemade winch. Many people use the KAMAZ version of the ratchet, since KAMAZ is widespread and parts from it are easy to find. Such a mechanism can lift from 400 kg to 2 tons. The popularity of this option is due to the use of a worm gear in the mechanism.

For production you will need:

Two rear ratchets of the truck.
Two hooks.
Cable 4-5 mm thick.
Fist for releasing brake pads.
Bolt for fastening the hook.

Worm gear winch

The main convenience of a worm gearbox, in addition to its load capacity, is the ability not to use a drum brake. One of the popular options for such a winch is a gearbox from trolleybus doors. It has enough gear ratio for fairly heavy loads and is easy to mount.

What can be useful for a winch made from scrap materials

To make a homemade winch, any scrap and any working parts that are within reach will be useful. The source of the motor for the electric winch can be a chain saw, a motor scooter or an automatic washing machine (if the motor is running). Cuttings of thin-walled and thick-walled pipes, bearings, gears, starters from old cars, ratchets from trucks, a motorcycle clutch disc, etc. will be useful. You will only have to buy a cable and something not very expensive. A welding machine and a lathe will suffice as equipment.

DIY ways

To make a winch yourself, you need to find a suitable drawing of the unit. If you look, you can always find it; sometimes you have to improvise and come up with something on your own. For example, how to make a winch from a starter with your own hands. First, let's decide on nutrition. If it is installed on a Niva SUV, then it must be powered by 12 volts.

Let's consider one of the units from VAZ 2101 cars. The starter has the following characteristics:

supply voltage - 12 V;
armature rotation speed - 5000 rpm;
current consumption at idle speed - 35 A;
torque at maximum power - 0.76 kgm;
current at maximum power - 250 A.

We create a simple lifting mechanism with our own hands

But if you need a mechanism for cargo urgently or for a one-time use, but you don’t have time to buy it in stores and you’re sorry for the money, we’ll tell you how to make a chain hoist with your own hands. It’s good if you have threaded rods, bearings, a block, a cable, a hook, and a gear in your workshop. It will take a little time: you need to fit the bearings onto the stud. It is advisable to fix the nut from the stud so as not to waste some of the effort on turning the peculiar shaft. The end of the pin can be equipped with a gear, thus making a more convenient manual drive.

We throw a cable over the block and fasten it to a support, but at the other end we attach a hook on which we will hang the load. You can also fix a sling system at the end of the cable if the nature of the load does not allow it to be attached to the hook. In principle, the simplest version of the chain hoist is ready. All that remains is to get to work, observing safety precautions, which are the same for all mechanisms, both purchased and homemade. Carefully check all elements for integrity before work, and during work do not make sudden movements, lift the load smoothly, and, of course, do not stand under a suspended load.

Homemade winches from starters

Before setting off, any car enthusiast must make sure that he has taken everything he needs with him. But, if ordinary drivers do not need to take a lot of equipment, then off-road conquerors gather with special zeal. Any car enthusiast who prefers to drive on the most extreme and difficult sections and roads takes with him the most necessary and necessary equipment that can help and facilitate movement, as well as provide a way out of the most difficult situations. One piece of equipment that will help an extreme car enthusiast is is the winch. An experienced driver who is ready for all the vicissitudes of a road adventure will definitely take this important device with him on the road. In difficult conditions where there is a high probability that the vehicle will end up in a ditch or get stuck in the mud, a winch will help the driver pull his vehicle out of such road obstacles.
Of course, you can purchase such a device already in the form of a ready-made device, which, of course, is good news. But, if a car enthusiast doesn’t really want to go shopping and spend money on this device, and if he has all the necessary components, he can make a winch himself.

Device types

Classification is the first thing you need to know about the traction device. They are divided depending on the type of design, drive and technical features. Some types of winches are easy to make yourself - this is the simplest mechanism with a manual drive. And complex structures will work reliably only if they are manufactured in a factory.

This specificity must be taken into account when choosing a type for self-production. There are removable and stationary winches. The first option can be removed from the car, carried out maintenance or used for other economic purposes.

Classification depending on the type of drive:

Manual. Its advantages are its small size and relatively light weight. The work is carried out according to the drum principle. The cable is pulled onto a separate reel, and it is rotated by hand. The disadvantage lies in the limitation of the mass with which work can be done - no more than 1 ton.
Mechanical. The drum with the cable is rotated by the machine's engine. The design is heavy, so car enthusiasts rarely use it.
Electric. The best option is for the drum to be driven by an electric motor. The latter is powered by a battery or the vehicle's electrical system. The load capacity in this version is 4 tons.
Hydraulic. The design is complex, but it works silently and with great traction force. But such systems are unreliable and expensive. Another drawback is that it is impossible to make a hydraulic drive system yourself.

Types of winches

So, the winch is one of the most popular lifting mechanisms. Its purpose is to move various loads in a horizontal plane using a drag. It can be used not only to pull a car out of sand or mud, because there are not only car winches, but in this case we are talking about them.

These devices for removing a car from off-road conditions differ from each other in such characteristics as size, design and technical parameters. Depending on this, there are several classifications.

The first classification groups winches based on drive type:

Manual ones are quite simple to create and install, do not require special financial costs, and are small in size.
But not everything is so wonderful - this type is the most labor-intensive among all the others. As the name itself suggests, this type requires considerable muscle strength. As a rule, this mechanism will be able to work with cargo whose weight does not exceed 1000 kg, but there may be exceptions to this rule. This option is ideal if we talk about such a phenomenon as “just in case,” because in the simplest situation the properties of this device will be quite sufficient. But you shouldn’t place special hopes on it in more difficult cases. Therefore, I do not recommend giving such a winch the status of an aspen means of extracting a car from off-road conditions.
Mechanical - effective due to the power of the motor.
It is clear that in this case, special physical efforts are no longer required from the driver. The main disadvantage of such a winch is that it will be a useless toy if the engine stalls. It is the most reliable, but also rather controversial option. This type has literally crazy power, but at the same time it is very heavy and bulky. If the car was initially equipped with this type of winch when purchased, then the driver will feel more than fine. But it is unlikely that anyone will decide to install this unit for design reasons.
Electric winches are the most popular among SUV drivers. In this situation, the rotation of the drum occurs due to the action of an electric motor, which, as you know, is powered by a car battery. The main thing here is not to overdo it and not to use up all your energy, so that later you have enough to get home. Such a device is suitable for almost any situation, no matter how critical it may be. This type is capable of lifting a load weighing more than 4000 kg, that is, in principle, with its help you can hang a car on a tree. I don’t recommend checking it, but the essence is clear.
Hydraulic - considered the most complex unit in its design. Such winches are equipped with an oil-type pump, a pump drive, and also a tank in which the oil is stored.

The second classification, on the basis of which we distinguish the following two types of winches:

Stationary - such models are usually attached to the front of the car. The disadvantage of such a stationary winch is that the operation process causes constant contamination and corrosion of the machine, and this has a negative impact on the operation of the winch.
Removable - such mechanisms are better than the previously given option. Car owners have the opportunity to independently modify their vehicle, which will allow them to mount a winch not only in the front, but also in the rear, and at any time necessary. And the device itself will be stored in the luggage compartment, which will ensure its durability and high level of functionality.

Types of homemade winches

Winches are divided into three main types: electric, mechanical and hydraulic. The fourth is manual. Each design has its pros and cons, both during the design and installation process, and during operation.

A hand winch is a popular option. The downside is that its use requires physical effort. The advantage is complete autonomy, no electricity required. In order to pull out a car, all you need is a firmly standing tree or just a crowbar driven into the soil. Hand winches are divided into 3 main types:

Lever.
Assembly and traction.
Drums.

Lever ones use a ratchet or ratchet mechanism. Their main drawback is the traction force - from 0.7 to 4 tons. The advantage is that there is no need for rigid fixation; you can work on weight. This is the simplest type of winch.

Assembly-traction winches are almost similar to lever winches, but are not equipped with a drum. This is the most common type, and not only for cars.

Drums are the most effective option. The drum can be toothed or worm. The first wears out much more slowly.

Advantages of drum winches: traction force from 0.25 to 5 tons; a brake that is activated in an emergency situation; cable length (up to 40 meters with a diameter of 15 mm). If the thickness is greater, you can pull out any heaviest car from anywhere, and the cable will not break, even if you give full throttle.

Drum winches use:

Single speed gear drive. The main gear is attached to the drum, which takes on the main load. The clutch houses the drive gear. The gain factor is the ratio of the number of their teeth. The gain is also affected by the length of the lever - the longer it is, the less force is required. This winch allows one person to pull out a car weighing up to 3 tons.
Multi-speed gear drive. Such a mechanism consists of two or several pairs of gears, due to which the gain increases many times over. The downside is low speed under heavy loads.
Worm drive. Rarely used for cars in “camping” conditions due to high maintenance requirements - the worm pair requires constant lubrication. In addition, this type does not work most effectively with high loads and is not suitable for heavy vehicles. The advantage is compactness.

Electric winches

The most popular type of homemade winch for a car. This is justified by its power, ease of operation and reliability. In addition, this option does not require large expenses for assembly and installation on the car. Such an electric winch can operate either on its own autonomous electric motor or receive power from a generator installed in the car. In the second case, you need to look and calculate the installation so that power is supplied from it not only to the winch, but also to the vehicle systems.

A popular option is using a starter; such a winch is easier to build with your own hands. The Zilov ST230 starter is often used.

Mechanical winches

Mechanical winches are powered by a motor. Manufacturers often install them already at the stage of completing SUVs (for example, such an automobile self-extractor is installed on an army UAZ). This winch is connected to a shaft and operates through a transmission. The winding speed can be changed by lowering or increasing the speed. The main advantages are stability and traction power. The main disadvantage is that it only works with a working engine.

Often this option is used for installation on MTZ - skidding, for example, forests is much easier.

Hydraulic winch

The most structurally complex option, since in addition to the standard ones it must contain additional elements: a hydraulic drive, a tank and an oil pump. In addition, the device can hardly be called compact. Assembly and installation will require considerable effort. However, such a winch consumes much less energy than electric power, and its power is much higher.

Do-It-Yourself Winch From a Screwdriver

Do-it-yourself small-sized winch from a starter

One of the favorite methods for producing a homemade electric winch is the introduction of an auto starter. This device is equipped with a powerful high-torque electric motor with a supply voltage of 12 volts, which allows you to use a winch on a jeep.

At the production stage, you should keep in mind the limitations:

The starter is designed for short-term operation. This does not mean at all that it will immediately burn out under prolonged load, but the motor housing does not provide sufficient cooling of the winding. If you intend to use the winch frequently and the work periods will be long, take care of additional cooling. For example, weld aluminum corners onto the body as cooling ribs;
The car starter
is started using a retractor relay with a bendix.
You don't need a solenoid for the winch, but a contact starter wouldn't hurt. The current at the contacts will be enormous, and it is better to abandon the standard switching circuit. Depending on the gearbox used, the bendix should be fixed by welding in the position of greatest engagement or removed from the solenoid relay
;

Winch

Winch

it is driven using a 2.2 kV grinder. Before that, there was a 1.5 kV three-thousander engine that could not be pulled.

The side walls are made of sheet iron 3-5 mm. Thinner sheets may become deformed when the cable is pulled under load.

The most important part is attaching the drum axis. For this, powerful bearings with podiums from some mechanism from the times of the USSR were used. You can find such spare parts at scrap metal collection points or in the workshops of abandoned factories.

The podiums are welded to the side walls. If you managed to find only bearings, weld the outer race. Nothing will happen to the rolling mechanism; the bearings simply cannot be replaced.

We connect the gearbox with the electric motor from the starter, put the winch in good shape: we clean the welds with a grinder, remove rust, and cover the tool with paint.

The design has been tested to lift weights up to 200 kg. In this version, two gearboxes are used - from an electric drill and a homemade one from a gas electric valve. It feels like there will be enough traction for another 100-150kg.

The video shows an example of a winch using a starter.

How to use the device?

Be sure to provide for the possibility of reversing the power supply to the winch. Reverse is necessary in such devices. Since this is a regular car electric motor, changing “” to “-” will change the direction of shaft rotation.

Let the power starter be old, from the solenoid relay

. And the start buttons come from ancient electromechanical devices. The button block can provide for polarity reversal.

If the winch is used in a car, do not connect it to the standard battery with the engine turned off. With a good load, you will drain the battery in 10-15 minutes.

The dimensions allow the winch to be placed on the bumper of an SUV prepared for off-road use.

Do-it-yourself winch - price

If you have your own garage or shed with rubbish accumulated over several years of home plumbing, the cost of the product is determined by the price of a can of spray paint for final finishing.

Basically, the components are as follows:

Starter from a VAZ 2101 car without a planetary gearbox (working, lying in the garage);
A gearbox in a housing from a domestically produced electric drill (purchased at a flea market for the equivalent of 0.5 vodka);
A piece of water pipe found in a barn;
Metal for the frame, body walls, drum. Also found in a barn;
Drum axle - purchased at a scrap metal collection point for pennies;
The rope and hook were purchased at a tourism supply store.

Taking into account the cost of a new winch, the cost of the issue can be considered zero. At the same time, the owner can vouch for the safety of the device. Every detail and weld is personally checked by the manufacturer.

Do-it-yourself winch - price

If you have your own garage or shed with rubbish accumulated over several years of home plumbing, the cost of the product is determined by the price of a can of spray paint for final finishing.

Basically, the components are as follows:

Starter from a VAZ 2101 car without a planetary gearbox (working, lying in the garage);
A gearbox in a housing from a domestically produced electric drill (purchased at a flea market for the equivalent of 0.5 vodka);
A piece of water pipe found in a barn;
Metal for the frame, body walls, drum. Also found in a barn;
Drum axle - purchased at a scrap metal collection point for pennies;
The rope and hook were purchased at a tourism supply store.

Homemade winch from a starter: drawings of an electric winch, photo of making a homemade product with your own hands.

To make a homemade winch, the author used a starter from a VAZ 21015. The engine from a car starter is designed for short-term operation and quickly overheats, but is quite suitable for making an electric winch.

We will also need a reduction gearbox from a hammer drill; you can find a gearbox at a flea market; in this homemade product, the author took a gearbox from an old Soviet-made drill with a gear ratio of 1 x 20.

The motor shaft needs to be connected to the gearbox shaft; this can be done using an adapter coupling and cotter pins, or simply weld them together.

Assembled into a single body.

Now we will make a drum for the winch from a piece of metal tube and sheet metal 3 mm thick.

A bolt is fixed in the pipe for fastening the cable.

We cut out two circles from metal with a hole in the middle and weld them to the pipe.

The gear and shaft need to be welded to the drum. In this homemade product, the shaft and gear are taken from a decommissioned oil pipeline valve mechanism.

The drum rotates on two bearings that are welded to the winch frame covers.

Drum with gear assembly.

As an option, you can take the drawings of a hand winch drum.

To prevent the cable from flying off the drum, we weld a guide eye to the winch body.

The gearbox is mounted on the winch frame; the author attached the gearbox using a pipe clamp for threading.

We compare the gear of the gearbox shaft with the gear of the drum. Gear ratio 1 x 5.

Reverse connection diagram on a winch.

We wind the cable onto a drum, the thickness of the cable is 6 - 10 mm.

Advice! Do not connect the electric winch to the car battery when the engine is off, the battery will discharge in a few minutes.

Also, you cannot cling to a metal cable the car from which the electric winch is powered; alternatively, you can use a fabric cable or remake the brush assembly on the electric motor, insulating the mass on the winch itself.

A homemade winch from the starter will easily pull a passenger car out of the mud, including a UAZ “loaf”.

Homemade author: Nikolay Evdokimov.

Interesting video: the author shows his homemade winch from a VAZ 21010 starter

Do-it-yourself winch with manual or electric drive

If you have the skills to work with a welding machine, you can make a winch yourself from scrap materials.

Making a winch with your own hands

You will need:

Rectangular pipe for making the frame;
Pipe or finished drum shaft;
Sheet metal for drum discs, thickness 3 mm;
Threaded rods M10-M12, 24 cm long – 6 pieces, nuts;
Tube with a diameter of Ø14 – 6 identical pieces of 20 cm;
Large and small sprockets and chain;
Hubs for attaching the drum to the shaft and for attaching the shaft to the frame;
Lever for manual drive, gasoline or electric motor, powered by ~220 V mains or car battery;
A cable of the required length with a carabiner at the end;
Welding machine and electrodes;
Grinder with cutting and grinding disc;
Paint and primer for metal;

Set of wrenches.

Winch manufacturing technology:

According to the drawing, a 20x20 mm rectangular pipe for the frame is cut with a grinder. All connections made perpendicularly are obtained by cutting the workpieces at an angle of 45 degrees.
Lay out the workpieces on a flat surface. The winch frame is welded using a spot welding machine at the junction of the workpieces. Check the perpendicularity of the corners and the consistency of the dimensions, after which the seams are completely welded. Weld a sheet metal platform with longitudinal grooves for attaching the drive motor. Remove scale and burrs with an angle grinder grinding wheel.
Sand the frame, cover it with a metal primer, and after drying, paint or enamel in two layers.
Start making the drum. Two circles of the same diameter are cut out of sheet metal - approximately 30 cm. A hole is drilled in the center of each circle according to the diameter of the shaft, and six holes are also made at a distance of 7-8 cm from the center. Drill holes for fastening the hubs - 4 on each disk. The hubs are secured to a bolted connection. The drum disks are fastened with studs: each stud is secured in one disk, a Ø14 tube is put on it, after which a second disk is put on the studs and tightened onto the nuts and locknuts.
The drum is mounted on a shaft. The shaft can be made from a metal pipe of a suitable diameter or use a ready-made shaft made of high-strength steel from any mechanism. A large sprocket is attached to the shaft on the outside of the drum - you can use a sprocket from a motorcycle gearbox, for example. Hubs are installed on the protruding parts of the shaft to secure the drum to the frame.
Install the drum with the shaft on the frame, securing them with external hubs and bolts. An electric or gasoline engine with a small sprocket rigidly fixed to the output shaft is installed on the platform. Put on the chain and adjust its tension by moving the electric motor along the platform in the rectangular mounting grooves to the optimal position. The chain should not sag, but too much tension is not advisable - wear on the sprockets will increase, and the chain may also break. You can check the chain tension by rotating the drum with your hands - it should not hinder the rotation of the drum when unwinding the cable.
Wind the cable around the drum, securing its end to the shaft. The second end of the cable is equipped with a durable carabiner. For ease of movement, the winch is mounted on a frame with a wheel pair using a shank.
The shank on the opposite side is designed for attaching the winch to the vehicle. In this case, it is recommended to cover the drum with a protective casing to prevent dirt and precipitation from getting on the cable.
If the drive is planned to be universal, then a handle can be mounted on the outside of the shaft. In this case, in the absence of fuel or electricity, it will be possible to use the winch manually.

The presented winch design is simple and reliable, and although it does not have the ability to switch gear ratios, reverse and other auxiliary functions, it performs the task of moving heavy loads in a horizontal plane perfectly. If it is necessary to lift a load to a greater height, such a winch can be used in combination with a manual hoist or simply by throwing the cable over a strong support.

Thus, in today's lesson we looked at creating a manual winch with your own hands, subscribe to our group and stay updated on all the important news!

Homemade manual winch

The winch can be of several types:

There is no need to purchase the device. Making a manual winch with your own hands is quite simple. First of all, you need to decide on the type and parameters of the device.

The device is equipped with a so-called “anchor”, which clings to a hard surface and helps to pull out the vehicle. A do-it-yourself anchor winch can be made from almost any scrap metal. It doesn’t matter what the “anchor” looks like, the main thing is that it clings well and does not deform under high loads.

While using the device, it is prohibited to stand within the radius of the cable.

Homemade winches

Ratchet from Kamaz How many people know how to make a winch from a brake ratchet? And what exactly is this Ratchet?

Many trucks (our products for Kamaz are popular) use a self-leveling mechanism to adjust the brakes; in common parlance, a brake ratchet is used. A worm gearbox is located inside the device.

All that remains is to adapt the handle to the end of the worm pair, and the drum to the main axis - and the winch is ready. Gear ratio 1:20. The drum can be mounted on the standard brake axle by cutting it with a grinder. If you use a block connection with one elbow, the power will double. Don’t forget to lubricate – and the device will serve you for many years.

Such a winch in the garage will not help you pull out the engine, but it will save a lot of effort during repairs. This device is especially useful for lifting heavy objects from a pit.

Video - how to make a ratchet winch for Kamaz with your own hands.

Chainsaw in a winch If you are busy building a summer house where there is no electricity yet, you can build a winch from a chainsaw with your own hands. Initially, such a device was invented by lumberjacks to facilitate the procedure of tying felled trunks.

The photo shows the classic “Friendship” with the body removed. A motorcycle chain is connected to the drive sprocket. The drum is not difficult to make. A large sprocket from the wheel of the same motorcycle is attached to it.

We get a double gearbox - our own on the chainsaw, and a chain gear made of two sprockets with a gear ratio of about 1:10. This design will serve for many years, extending the life of the components from which it was made.

Manual lever winch The simplest device for moving loads is a lever winch. With its help, you can pull a load into the body, drag the carcass of an animal killed while hunting, or pull out a stuck car.

The device is not very expensive, but even Chinese samples cost some money. For those who like to do things with their own hands, we offer a drawing of a lever winch, from which the principle of its operation is very clear.

A drum is fixed inside the frame, with a ratchet sprocket. There is a stop on the lever that rotates the sprocket. The longer the lever, the more force you apply. This is only a small part of the structures that can be made from scrap materials. Perhaps you will come up with something completely original.

Assembly

For most motorists, assembling a winch with your own hands is a huge advantage, because if you do something for yourself, in any case you will do it with high quality. In addition, before making a homemade winch from a starter, its design is carefully studied and thought out, so the driver knows all the features of his winch perfectly and will be able to repair it in almost any conditions. If you have all the necessary parts, the winch from a car starter can be completely assembled within one to one and a half hours, after which you can begin testing it.

Important! The main component of the future winch is a drum with a cable, so the work begins with its manufacture.

If it is not possible to use a ready-made drum, it is made from a thick-walled pipe and 2 sheets of metal with a thickness of 4-5 mm. The cheeks are carefully cut to a suitable size and welded to the pipe. After this, you will need to weld a gear onto one of them, through which the force will be transmitted to the drum to carry out rotation.

If a starter with a planetary gearbox is used, the assembly process is greatly simplified, since there is no need to install a separately located gearbox, which is not so easy to obtain. A winch based on a planetary starter is powerful, lightweight and compact, so it can easily be placed on the front bumper of any SUV

After assembling it, it is necessary to pay no less attention to the installation of wiring. In addition, it is worth carefully considering the location of the control panel - it should not be near moving mechanisms, but at the same time be sufficiently protected from dirt and water

How a portable and compact winch can help is shown in the video:

Assembly Tips

Design development is carried out carefully, as well as assembly. The task is to treat each operation as responsibly as possible. The goal is to complete the assembly with high quality. This will avoid troubles when operating in extreme conditions. Therefore, there is no need to force the work, even if it is really necessary.

Steps to achieve high build quality:

The work is done slowly and thoughtfully. A raw, unfinished unit cannot be used.
Follow the drawing.
Weld seams are treated with an anti-corrosion compound. Welding is done in carbon dioxide to obtain a high-quality seam.
The electric drive control panel is placed as far away from rotating parts as possible.
Electrical wiring is carefully insulated. The contacts are protected by additional insulation from moisture and dirt.

Negative results often arise due to hasty actions. The issue of moving cargo in a horizontal plane with its own device will be successfully resolved. To lift loads above the ground, the cable must be pulled over a strong support.

Stage-by-stage execution of work

Below are detailed instructions on how to make a winch with your own hands using a Zhiguli starter. The choice of this starter is due to the fact that it is as compact as possible and has a high degree of reliability. An additional advantage is the ability to purchase it for almost nothing on any spontaneous automobile market.

The power contacts of the retractor relay can be left if the load on the winch is significant. The bendix mechanism, in turn, must be removed along with the cone housing.
Since the mechanism in this case is low-power and compact, there is no need to create a gearbox from a flywheel gear. Just pick up a knot from a large drill. The gearbox must be a reduction gearbox.
Separate the Bendix housing from the winch and locally mate the gearbox shaft with the corresponding part of the starter motor. This can be done either by creating a transition coupling with cotter pins or by classical electric welding.
There is no need to install dampers as they will break anyway.
The use of a planetary gearbox will allow you to increase the gear ratio if necessary.
Use an appropriately sized pipe to cover the space between the motor and gearbox so that the operator is protected from rotating elements.
The motor housing and gearbox must be securely connected, but not with simple threaded rods.
Make a drum from a cut of sheet iron a couple of millimeters thick and a steel pipe with a diameter of 1.2 cm. Weld round jaws to the pipe and drill a coaxial hole for the power shaft in the center of each side part.
The power shaft must have a standard pair of working gears, otherwise it will be problematic to pair the main sprocket with the output of the gearbox.
Securely weld all the elements together on the channel frame. Backlashes are unacceptable.
Make the side walls from sheet iron up to 5 mm thick. Thickness less than 3 mm will not work.
Using powerful bearings with podiums, secure the drum. This stage is one of the most critical. Weld the podiums to the side walls.
The gearbox should be fixed on the frame so that its gear clings to the power gear on the drum shaft. Between the walls there should be a leash for the cable - an eyelet.
Connect the electric motor from the starter to the gearbox and give the winch a presentable appearance - clean the seams, remove rust and cover the surface with paint.

Other options: a simple winch and a metal structure

A fast and fairly effective alternative to previous models is a rather old method. It is known to motorists who have had to tow a car with improvised means. In emergency cases, you can use such a winch at the dacha, when you do not have time and materials for a more serious device:

dig the crowbar deep into the ground - it should be firmly fixed in a vertical position;
Place a piece of pipe (lever) perpendicularly onto the resulting axis, with the help of which the crowbar will rotate;
secure the cable to the load and to the crowbar;
rotate the crowbar, winding the cable, and move the load.

For a metal device you will need metal, welding and various components. These are a rotating cylinder, gears, handles and bushings.

Construction details:

Gear Glist. It transmits the rotational energy of the axis. Buy a thick element with massive teeth.
Shaft for cable. Find a cast cylinder and weld a rounded metal sheet to it at one end, the size of the inner ring of the gear. This cylinder will subsequently be used to wind the cable. If the shaft has a through hole, great. For better fastening, thread the steel cable and connect it from the outside into a loop.
Bushing for sliding the shaft during cable winding. It would be nice to additionally install a rolling bearing.

Attention! The tractor frame with lugs on it, the rocker, the carrier, and the stationary coupling ring mounted on hinges are also made of metal. All parts of the winch must be moderately rigidly fixed so as not to dangle and abrade each other.

A simple option made from scrap materials

Some motorists often drive into a field or forest, which may result in problems negotiating difficult areas - mud and sand.
The car gets stuck, and you have to puzzle over how to get it out. The simplest hand-made homemade winch can be made in the field. Materials:

Scrap and pipe cuttings.
Cable.
A piece of pipe for a lever.

It is unlikely that you will have the materials with you on the road. But everything you need can be found in the nearest village. Instead of a cable, a strong rope will do.

Manufacturing procedure:

Drive a crowbar or a small diameter tube into the ground to create an axle.
A larger diameter tube is placed on the axle, to which a cable is attached.
A lever is slipped under the lower turn of the cable. This could be another tube, a shovel handle, or a pole. The main thing is that the material is durable.

With such a device, which can be assembled in ten minutes, you can move any heavy object, not just a car. The lever is rotated so that the cable is wound around the pipe. Such a manual winch will help to quickly solve the problems of moving heavy loads. This is not a full-fledged device, but it will get the job done.

Machine drive - one drum, two drums...

Traditionally, machine-driven winches are used to service simple construction cranes, scrapers, drilling rigs, and in elevators. They can have one, two or three reels. It is possible to use various drives - electric, diesel, pneumatic, steam.

More common are reversible winches, the drum of which is connected to the engine shaft by the gears of the gearbox, less often - friction winches using an appropriate clutch or split friction transmission. Electric winches are equipped with automatic braking systems.

Kinds

For the purpose of moving cargo, different types of winches are used. So, today there are 3 main types of such units. Each of them is worth considering.

Lever

Such models require the presence of a ratcheting mechanism, in addition to the cable itself, as well as a special lever. To understand how such a mechanical winch works, it is recommended to study the drawings. Its main difference is the ability of the unit to function even when suspended, since the structure does not need to be tightly fastened to the base. In order to operate the ratchet mechanism, the operator is required to use a lever to perform rotational movements. In addition, a hand-made homemade winch of this type includes a built-in drum, which has latches that prevent it from unwinding. The disadvantages of these models are considered to be a short cable, the maximum length of which does not exceed 6 m. However, the most important parameter in such devices is considered to be the level of traction force created. So, such products can provide this parameter at the level of 0.75-4 tons. The lifting height is 4 m.

Drum

Another type is the drum winch. This model has the following elements in its design:

Drum.
A handle that the operator rotates.
Gearbox.
Special supports.

If we talk directly about the drum, it comes in several types: gear or worm

And here it is important to note that the first options are more preferable due to less wear on such drums. Similar models of winches are also called cable winches, due to the presence of a long cable

The functioning of such units occurs according to a fairly simple principle:

The operator begins to rotate the handle.
As a result, energy is created, which is transferred to the gearbox.
Due to this, traction force is created by the drum.

Before using this type of winch, it must first be properly secured. The design of the device provides for a locking mechanism that is activated in the event of a fall of the load. Its purpose is to automatically turn off the unit. The traction force that is created during the use of winches of this type varies between 0.25-5 tons. Typically, the length of the cable in them is up to 40 m, and the thickness parameters do not exceed 1.5 cm in standard versions. In the case of using products with greater thickness, the possibilities of using the device expand significantly.

Assembly and traction

According to the principle of their operation, such options are similar to lever-type models. However, they have a significant difference - they do not have a drum. The force for performing lifting and traction manipulations is created by means of clamp-fists located on the body. To provide protection against possible overload, the design is equipped with a special lever that allows the cams to be locked if necessary. To reduce the need for repairs of such units, they require regular lubrication of structural elements.

Winches for cars: types

The winch very often plays the role of a mechanism for lifting loads. With its help, you can move them horizontally using a drag. The design is needed not only to pull cars out of mud or sand, because there are different types of it, not only automobile ones, but this material is only about them.

If you plan to assemble such a mechanism with your own hands, you should know that there are different variations that differ in such parameters as:

specifications;
dimensions;
design features.

Based on these parameters, there are several types of winches. So, some of them are hand-made and represent a very simple design, which will not be difficult to assemble with your own hands. They are also easy to install, have compact parameters and do not require large investments.

But, on the other hand, handmade products are the most labor-intensive. After all, their use requires a lot of physical strength. Using such a mechanism, you can mix cargo weighing up to one ton, but there are exceptions. This type is universal, different cases occur along the way, and it can always come to the rescue, but if the situation is too difficult, then this design will not always be able to help out.

Mechanical winches

Mechanical structures operate using the power of a motor. This option is quite reliable, but for those who actively travel on bad roads, it is not always suitable. With high power, the design is quite large. Such home-made structures are very rarely installed on cars that were originally without winches, while other cars are already equipped with mechanical devices.

Electric and hydraulic winches

The most popular among motorists are electric winches. They are equipped with a drum, the rotation of which is driven by an electric motor, which, in turn, is powered by a car battery. When using them, the main thing is not to overdo it in terms of engine energy and not to use it up before you reach your destination. The characteristics of the winch are the most optimal in all respects; they can be used to lift loads weighing over 4 tons. You can even make a winch for a UAZ with your own hands, which will come to the rescue in difficult situations.

The most complex in terms of design are hydraulic winches. They are equipped with such devices as: