Construction of shower cabins: design options, main elements, assembly and connection steps

When buying a shower stall, many people want to do the installation themselves. But before starting such work, it is recommended to familiarize yourself with what a shower cabin with a tray is like.

the shower cabin consists of a tray, a partition, a top cover (if the model is closed), and a shower panel.

This type of plumbing has the required structural parts included:

pallet;
partitions;
if the model is closed, then there is a top cover;
shower panel, namely a watering can, additional nozzles, if any.

Shower stalls come in open or closed type. In the first case, its main elements are a tray, a shower head and doors. The walls of the bathroom themselves, which are mainly tiled, act as side walls. In the second option, the structure is installed in one of the corners of the bathroom, due to which they acquired the name “corners”.

Shower cabin arrangement

Shower cabins and modern hydromassage boxes are complex in their design and multifunctional plumbing devices designed for water, steam and hydromassage procedures. Designs can be rectangular and square, round and oval, as well as asymmetrical, pentagonal and almost any other shape. The most popular dimensions are 80 x 80, 90 x 90, 120 x 120 cm.

The design of such a plumbing fixture is characterized by a variety of dimensions and shapes.

Modern shower cabins are presented:

Prefabricated structures with a closed structure in the form of a door and three wall panels. “Shower enclosures” are installed in the corner part of the sanitary room, have one door and one side panel or two doors, without the presence of rear wall panels.
Monoblock designs, characterized by ease of self-installation and very different dimensions, which greatly facilitates the choice of model.

A modern shower stall is equipped with all kinds of accessories: mirrors and handles, shelves and hangers, dispensers and shower heads of different designs, as well as foot massage devices. Equipping a plumbing fixture with a remote control allows for easy functional control.

Shower stall in a small bathroom

The electronic devices of a shower cabin or hydrobox are represented by decorative and basic lighting, a fan or exhaust system, a radio and telephony, a hydraulic distributor, and the mechanical part includes a mixer and a diverter.

Principle of operation

Even those who know everything about the structure of shower cabins would do well to study how they function. For correct operation of the plumbing box, a supply of hot and cold water must be provided. The liquid must flow through a mixer, which can be with one lever (valve) or two-valve (thermostatic). If you are not sure that you can handle the installation procedure of this unit yourself, it is better to contact a professional.

Most experts consider the single-lever configuration to be the optimal option for a shower stall mixer. The design of the device includes an aerator, which allows you to significantly save water used. The analogue with a pair of valves belongs to the classic version; it makes it possible to quickly adjust the temperature of the liquid, regardless of the pressure in the system.

Used water is removed using a drain, which is mounted directly below the pan. After connecting the structure to the sewer, it is imperative to check the reliability of the assembly. To do this, place a sheet of paper under the drain. If after the first bath he remains dry, then all manipulations were carried out correctly.

With pallet

A shower cabin with a tray is a complex plumbing device that is easy to install, multifunctional and convenient to use. In a small bathroom, such models are often installed in order to make the most efficient use of space.

The main elements of the equipment are represented by a tray, enclosing structures, rollers and fasteners, a siphon, shower panels, a mixer and hoses, as well as a watering can, nozzles and other water supply fittings.

Deep tray in the shower stall

Particular attention is paid to the choice of pallet, which can be made of artificial stone and ceramics, acrylic and high-strength plastic, tempered glass, steel and some natural materials.

Depending on the height, the pallets have a flat, medium and deep design. Plumbing fixtures are produced with frame-type enclosing panels or elements installed directly on the pallet.

Monoblock devices with a tray speed up and facilitate assembly, and also feature the best sealing, due to the mandatory use of special silicone seals.

Installation of a plumbing corner

Installing a corner shower cabin will not cause any special problems if you first familiarize yourself with its structure. Installation of plumbing fixtures is carried out in several steps:

Prepare the place where the plumbing cabin is to be installed. The selected corner of the bathroom must be tiled.
If you purchased a modification with a pallet, it must be installed on the floor first.
Connect to the water supply a watering can or a special panel on which all functional elements are placed.
At the last stage, the doors are fastened. They come in two types: hinged or sliding configurations, and are made of various waterproof materials.

Without pallet

Designs without a pallet are a simpler, but less reliable option for plumbing fixtures. The undeniable advantages of such shower cabins are:

cost savings;
the possibility of arranging a structure of any configuration and shape;
ease of operation;
ease of regular maintenance.

Arrangement of a shower cabin without a tray

The disadvantages of the installation are the risk of water stagnation and the formation of puddles, accompanied by unpleasant odors in the bathroom. Among other things, improper arrangement causes water leakage and flooding of the rooms below.

Installing a shower cabin without a tray is a reasonable and very economical option, which is optimal for small-sized plumbing units.

Hydromassage jets

In the design of shower cabins there is sometimes a hydromassage option. The operation of this system is carried out through special nozzles. Their number ranges from two to eight pieces. There are several types of these devices, namely:

Hydromassage versions that supply fluid under high pressure.
Aeromassage variations. These devices create an air flow that forms bubbles when it enters the water.
Combination models that combine both functions mentioned above.

To provide a uniform massage to the user’s torso, nozzles are often placed over the entire area of the sanitary box. In this case, the intensity of the jet supply may differ at different levels. As a rule, in the area of the neck and face the water supply is softer, and in the lower part of the body it is as strong and hard as possible.

Shower base

The basis of the shower cabin is the pallet. This part of the structure must be strong enough and not slippery, which is ensured by the presence of a special “pattern” on the bottom part or lattice.

The enameled steel pan makes a lot of noise under water jets, and the enamel coating can quickly crack. The ceramic tray is characterized by increased fragility and therefore requires careful use.

Accessories for the shower cabin

The best option is an acrylic tray, which heats up quickly, is easy to clean and retains its aesthetic appearance for a long time, and the lack of rigidity of such a base can be easily compensated for by installing a durable aluminum frame.

What technical solutions are suitable for apartments

In a multi-storey building, it is better to place a standard tile corner near the riser. In typical bathrooms it is quite difficult to place a shower stall together with a bathtub. Custom-built buildings tend to have more space, but there are often choices to be made.

The drain should be located near a pipe connected to the sewer. The closer it is, the greater its slope. If you place it at a large distance, you will have to raise the floor, otherwise the water will not drain well. With low ceiling heights, a rise in the floor of a few centimeters will be noticeable. In addition, a heavy screed will create loads on the floor.

The drain hole can be located at floor level or on a podium made in the shape of a bowl.

The standard base size is 1x1 m. If space allows, it is better to expand the shower area.

Floor drain

A floor drain is suitable for apartments with high ceilings. To hide communications in a layer of concrete, its level will have to be raised by more than 15 cm. In old buildings, under the finishing there may be logs - a wooden frame filled with insulation and sound insulators.

Over several decades of service, they have lost their properties, so it is better to replace them with modern analogues. The thickness of the layer, as a rule, takes more than 10 cm. There are known cases when materials that were unsuitable for construction and harmful to health were laid on the ceiling.

If there is already a ready-made concrete coating with the required thickness, channels for wiring are made in it using a hammer drill. It should be remembered that laying grooves in floor slabs is prohibited by law. Before starting work, it is necessary to compare the ceiling level indicated in the documents with the actual one. This is the easiest way to determine at what depth the ceiling is located.

Bowl-shaped podium

This option is suitable for any home. Its only drawback is that in a damp room it can be inconvenient to step over the threshold and climb onto the pedestal. If you are located at a significant distance from the sewer, you will have to hide the communications in a plasterboard box or under a screed.

Pixabay

It is much easier to equip such a tile shower without a tray in an apartment. There is no need to overload the ceiling. The screed will take the space reserved for the podium. Small tiles allow you to finish even complex wavy reliefs. If necessary, you can order sealed doors and guides of the required size from manufacturers.

Closed design

The closed-type design, or shower box, is characterized by limiting the height of the stall through a kind of roof and the presence of a rear wall. The technology for self-installation of a closed shower cabin includes several main steps:

determine the location of the shower structure;
install the pallet on special legs or a brick-cement “cushion”;
connect the pan to the sewer system;
install a shower head and a panel with additional nozzles;
install shower doors.

Closed shower cabin

Shower boxes, as a rule, have modern functionality, making them more expensive plumbing equipment.

Closed shower stalls are most often equipped with an electronic type of control in the form of a special regulator, so turning functions on and off is carried out by simply pressing buttons.

DIY shower cabin construction

Making a shower cabin yourself is a complex process that includes several stages. First, you need to accurately determine the location of the future hydrobox, its dimensions, and the materials used. A drawing of the structure with detailed dimensions is drawn up. If there is old finishing on the walls, it is removed. If necessary, the old screed is dismantled and a new one is poured.

Communications supply

Water pipes and sewerage are carried out in a hidden way. In modern houses, polypropylene pipes are used for this, which are laid in grooves. At the same time, they need to be cut to such a width that, in addition to the pipe itself, a layer of thermal insulation also fits into the groove. It is usually used either ecowool or special sleeves. Don't forget to install shut-off valves. They are mounted outside the cabin.

After the system has been laid and its performance has been checked, the grooves are plastered. Thread flanges are installed at the ends of the pipes for subsequent installation of the mixer union nuts.

Waterproofing

Without properly made waterproofing, provided you make a homemade pallet, you will quickly flood your neighbors below. Modern compositions for water protection are divided into the following types:

Penetrating – used for monolithic concrete surfaces;
Rolled - self-adhesive options are most often used for home use;
Coatings are compositions based on a polymer-cement substance or bitumen.

Before installing a sealed layer, the old finish must be removed. If roll materials are preferred, they are laid overlapping. The joint between the wall and the floor is carefully taped with special tape.

Pallet construction

The sequence of actions in this case depends entirely on whether a finished product is used or whether it is decided to build the pallet from scratch. The first option is much simpler. The finished structure is installed as follows:

The base is carefully leveled, for which a rough screed is made;
Sewerage pipes are laid, a drain siphon is installed;
The product itself is installed;
A decorative screen is attached to the latches; it usually comes with a tray.

The pallet is usually built from brick. In this case, waterproof additives, for example, liquid glass, must be added to the cement mortar. If the glazing will be installed on a metal frame, mortgages are installed for it. A rough screed is poured inside, on top of which waterproofing is applied. The drain and sewer pipes are laid in the required place. It is important to maintain the slope. A layer of thermal insulation is placed on top, usually a 50 mm polystyrene foam sheet is used for this, on top of which there is also a layer of waterproofing and a screed reinforced with a metal reinforcing mesh with cells of 100 by 100 mm. The screed must be poured with a slope towards the drain point. After it has completely dried, the waterproofing is laid, only after that can the structure be finished with tiles.

Frame making

The frame of the shower cabin can be made of aluminum profile or wood, but the latter must be treated with an antiseptic composition. The first profile is laid on the edge of the base; it must be exactly in the horizontal plane; a level is used to check. The counter part is installed on the ceiling. For reinforcement, vertical slats and horizontal slats are mounted.

Sheets of plasterboard are fixed to the frame, and the joints are covered with reinforcing tape. Plaster is applied on top. After drying, a layer of waterproofing is installed. Ceramic tiles can be laid on top of it. It must be installed using a waterproof adhesive. Instead of tiles, special latex paint or ready-made plastic panels can be used.

Sewage connection

The method of connecting the drainage system depends on the type of pan. If a finished product is used, a siphon is connected to its drain hole and a corrugation is connected. The second end of the latter is connected to the sewer outlet.

If the pallet is homemade, a ladder is installed in it, which is mounted into the subfloor. The productivity of the product must be at least 30 liters per minute, otherwise the water simply will not have time to drain. The square ladder is mounted in the center of the cabin, the slope from the walls is at least 3 degrees. The slotted drain is installed next to the wall.

A properly made shower cabin will last for many years. If necessary, the finished pallet can always be replaced; this procedure will not take much time and will not require large-scale repair work.

Open design

Open models of multifunctional plumbing fixtures fall into the category of simpler, prefabricated structures. After installation, the floor shower tray is connected to the sewer system, and then glass or plastic side panels are installed around the perimeter. A characteristic feature of the open design is the complete absence of a ceiling element.

The main advantages of such a fairly simple system are due to:

compactness, which allows you to significantly save space in the plumbing room;
affordable cost;
long service life;
reliability and durability of the installed structure;
simplicity and ease of care;
accessibility for self-installation.

Of course, simple shower enclosures are not capable of becoming a full-fledged replacement for a traditional bathtub or a multifunctional closed shower cabin, but these are the models that are generally available in cost and maintenance.

How to use the functionality

The electronic control panel is a very convenient way to configure equipment options. It is this that allows you to turn on and regulate such amenities as hydromassage, Turkish bath, steam and radio. A convenient control method using keys controls water pressure and temperature, lighting, and fan. In a word, all the electronics of the shower stall.

The control panel is equipped with keys that allow you to adjust the volume. So, by pressing the vol, + – key, you can select the desired volume.

Using the FM keys you can turn on the radio and tune in to the desired wave. How does this device work? You need to press the FM key, after which the display will show the station that was last selected. By pressing the TUN and plus and minus keys you can change the settings. If you want to search for a radio station, you need to press the + or – key and hold until it starts automatically searching. To memorize a radio station, press the M key, select the desired channel and activate the memorization mode by pressing the key again.

If your cabin has an ozonizer function, then that's just great. After all, it is she who can destroy all the bacteria inside. To activate it, you need to press the function key on the control panel and close the cabin after leaving it. The cabin can continue to operate normally after a quarter of an hour.

If you have purchased an expensive and spacious model of a shower cabin, then it should definitely have a steam generator. What does it give? This device turns the shower into a steam room. Look at the control panel and find the key that controls the steam generator. Click on it. When the indicator is activated, the steam generator will fill with water and begin to fill the cabin with steam. Its output will be ensured thanks to the flask that is located on the pallet. By the way, a steam generator can easily also have an aromatherapy function if you put various types of herbs into the flask or pour in aromatic oil.

A fan is an indispensable device that will allow you to feel freshness during hygiene procedures. It is also necessary to distribute steam evenly when the “Turkish bath” function is activated. The fan turns on simply: press the corresponding button. If during operation you want to disable the function, press the button again.

The control panel of some shower cabins has a “telephone” function. It is configured to receive incoming calls. The function is very convenient, since few people would risk taking their phone into the bathroom. When a call comes into the cabin, a characteristic sound is heard. In this case, the radio operation becomes quieter. To receive a call, you need to press the “phone” key. You can reset the call by pressing again.

So, we figured out the functionality. But you need to know some general aspects of operation so that the cabin lasts a long time and the electronics do not fail after a week.

Sources

https://delaemvannuu.ru/dushevaya-kabina/kak-vklyuchit-dushevuyu-kabinu.html
https://vashavanya.ru/ustroystvo-dushevoy-kabiny.html
https://dvhard.ru/teoriya/96-ukhod-za-pnevmaticheskim-oruzhiem.html
https://dushevayak.ru/obsluzhivanie/instruktciya_po_xekspluatatcii_dushevoj_kabinii.html

Weapon storage

The weapon must be in perfect condition so as not to fail in battle. One of the important points in caring for pneumatic weapons is its storage.

Need to store:

away from people, especially children;
in a case/box/case – they come complete with the weapon, and if not, they can be purchased separately;
in a prone position - especially applies to rifles, because if you put a rifle in a corner there is a risk that sooner or later someone will bend it;
not under the bathtub - well, weapons don’t like water;
not on the balcony - and changing weather conditions;
in a discharged state - especially applies to gas cylinders, which they like to store from game to game with an equipped cylinder, we also discharge the magazines, there is also no need for excess pressure on the spring.

On-site inspection

Next comes the stage of checking the weapon on site: charging and test shots. Here the operations are different for air rifles and pistols. The main rule is that we act according to the weapon’s passport - everything should be described there: in what order is it correct to load, how to shoot, what to shoot with, etc. We read everything, while reading we ignore the point SHOOTING AT PEOPLE AND ANIMALS IS STRICTLY PROHIBITED. This inscription is apparently highlighted specifically for visually impaired people; hardball players, as a rule, are sighted people, so this rule can be circumvented. During the check, you can also carry out zeroing; with an “oblique” barrel, you will not be welcome on the team (unless on the enemy team).

Walls and doors

Significant components of any shower cabin, from the simplest to the most expensive with a sauna, are its walls (shower enclosure) with doors. For their manufacture, a material such as acrylic or impact-resistant glass. Glass products are available in various finishes: matte, mirror, patterned, tinted, and so on.

The shape can be different, the most common is a rectangular shower enclosure, but the variety of offers on the market also allows you to choose angular, polygonal, round or even asymmetrical options.

The shower enclosure can be framed, made of aluminum or plastic, or frameless, for which a high-strength material such as tempered glass is used. The fencing can also be made in the form of barrier curtains - an excellent option for a summer residence that does not require transportation of bulky equipment.

Doors can be hinged, folding, sliding, rotary-sliding. The most important element of the mechanism of most of them are rollers, which provide movement. Recently, sliding modifications with high-quality rollers have become increasingly popular, as they have higher tightness. In addition, they do not require additional space for opening, which will be very useful for a small cottage or apartment.

Hinged doors

Sliding door

Folding door