What homemade products for a walk-behind tractor you can make with your own hands
Homemade products for walk-behind tractors are invented and made by almost all owners of this equipment. The purpose of these actions is to expand the functionality of the unit with minimal financial investment. In the basic configuration, the motor cultivator has extremely limited capabilities. Installing various options on it can turn a small machine into a full-fledged mini-tractor. Often, homemade devices are in no way inferior to factory-made analogues. In order to improve a walk-behind tractor with your own hands, a set of tools that are available in every workshop of a country house or cottage is sufficient. The materials you need can be found at a junkyard, shed, or scrap metal collection point.
The important part is the controls
For operation, a homemade motorized towing vehicle must have control elements; this should in no case be forgotten before starting the manipulation. Experienced professionals recommend using a steering wheel with built-in controls. The design will have a switch, as well as a gas and clutch handle, which can be borrowed from used equipment.
Improvement of the chassis
The first thing users of a walk-behind tractor think about is how to make a cart with a seat for it. Using equipment in normal mode using levers requires the application of great physical effort. However, the use of a trailer reduces the stability of the vehicle. This problem can be eliminated by extending the wheelbase. This is done using extensions that are attached to the axle shaft with pins or bolts. Having solved the stability problem, the operator is faced with another issue: the unit is poorly controlled. The differential for the walk-behind tractor helps to give it good maneuverability. This device is made by analogy with components of passenger cars. Homemade unlockers for walk-behind tractors are made using ordinary household tools - an angle grinder, welding and a sharpening machine.
The low weight of the walk-behind tractor causes poor traction between the wheels and the ground. Slipping is a common occurrence when lifting virgin soil, working on wet ground or driving in snow. To avoid slipping, weights are attached to walk-behind tractors.
These devices are divided into the following categories:
You can improve the cross-country ability of a walk-behind tractor by installing lugs. The easiest way to make lugs is to make a rim from a strip of metal and weld blades onto it. The rim diameter should be larger than the rims and smaller than that of the tires. The rim is installed with flat tires. After the lug is installed, the wheel is inflated.
You can improve the transmission by installing a homemade variator on the engine. The system of belts and discs will allow you to smoothly change the speed of the unit, without jerking or vibration.
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Major manufacturers of walk-behind tractors
Today the market offers its consumers a huge range of these devices. These are compact models, lightweight, and with powerful engines.
Honda, Agromotor, GreenField, Subaru, Forza, BRIGGS & STRATTON are the main manufacturers of components. We advise you to buy a motor for walk-behind tractors manufactured by them. The engines of these companies have excellent characteristics and quality, and most importantly, low cost.
You can find engines from domestic manufacturers on the market; the main differences are the speed of repair and price when compared with imported goods.
Engines for walk-behind tractors from China
In recent years, motors from China have been gaining popularity. The main reasons for ordering such engines are:
These factors make Chinese engines universal for all types of garden equipment and homemade walk-behind tractors. When working in our climate, Lifan class walk-behind tractors are perfect. This series was developed based on engines from Honda, which licensed it.
It also makes sense to pay attention to Glinfield and Forza engines. Chinese companies offer a package that contains additional equipment.
For example, if you want an engine for a homemade walk-behind tractor with a variator, then it should come complete with a gearbox, as this will help facilitate its installation into the design of the unit itself.
Chinese manufacturers use the latest technologies in the manufacture of their geared engines, which undergo thorough preparation before sale, and only after that they reach consumers’ shelves, completely ready for use.
Buyers are provided with a 2-year warranty - this makes Chinese engines even more popular in our country.
How to choose the right motor with gearbox
Almost all modern engines designed for walk-behind tractors operate on a four-stroke cycle. They are used because they are more efficient and unpretentious, unlike two-stroke engines. One of the most popular types of fuel for them is diesel.
The gasoline engine for a walk-behind tractor with a CVT is not very popular, since its fuel consumption is much higher. An excellent representative of this class of engines is the KM186F. Main parameters: the engine has a displacement of 0.4 liters and can develop power up to 9 horsepower. The fact that the motor is cooled openly allows it to be used for a long time.
Design and principle of operation
After purchasing a variator for a motorized towing vehicle, it is recommended that you carefully read the instructions. By studying the correct operation, you can extend the life of your motorcycle. The mechanism contains a centrifugal-type regulator, which contains cones with movable and fixed weights. To allow weights to move, stops with rollers are used in their production. The design of the mechanism also includes a cover and a spring.
A fixed cone, which has a stop, is attached to the shaft thanks to a thread. The crankshaft is mounted to a fixed cone. A spring is needed to create idle speed. When installed correctly, the location of the variator belt should be fixed 1-3 millimeters from the surface of the cone. This option helps regulate the idle speed. To change the gap, rings are used that are located on the border of the shaft stop and the protrusion. A certain algorithm can be traced in the operation of the variator:
- the regulator rotates;
- centrifugal forces arise;
- centrifugal forces influence the weights.
The influence of centrifugal force promotes the rotation of the weights, so the movable cone is separated from the stop.
The above actions contribute to belt compression of the pulley groove in the variator. The return spring counteracts the centrifugal force. For this reason, weights can easily overcome opposition. The number of revolutions per minute must be at least 2200. When this threshold is exceeded, the force acting on the belt increases to the operating reading. With these factors, a torque arises and the resistance is overpowered.
Reducing noise from the unit
Even the most modern and expensive motor cultivators make a lot of noise during operation, especially at high speeds. This factor greatly tires the operator and can serve as a reason for deterioration of relations with neighbors. A homemade muffler will help solve the problem. This is a task that can be accomplished by any craftsman with basic skills in handling iron.
In order to make a muffler for a walk-behind tractor with your own hands, you will need the following tools and materials:
Having collected everything you need, you can begin to improve the exhaust system.
This is done in the following sequence:
Hand-held circular saw from a grinder
A circular saw in the country is a very useful thing, few people know, but it can be made from a grinder. You only have 2 elements left to complete: the sliding stop and the axial handle. After this, you will be able to use your circular saw from an angle grinder at any time.
2 small pieces of metal angle are suitable as a sliding stop. The edges of the corner are rounded so that they do not catch the part during processing. The corners are connected to each other at the back and front using bolts or nuts. A clamp made of metal tape must be placed on the body of the above-mentioned power tool. A folded strip of sheet metal or galvanized steel with a hole for the rear bolt of the sliding stop is attached to the screw tie of the clamp, which will be located below.
In the grinder gearbox we make 4 small holes for M5 bolts. For convenience, the gearbox can first be disassembled to better see where the hole can be made. These 4 holes are needed to attach the handle. The handle can be made from an ordinary metal tube. This completes the manual version of the grinder saw; if you want to make a real stationary version of the circular saw, then you will need more work skills, tools and well-calculated drawings (image 3).
An old washing machine is a real treasure
If you have a working engine from a washing machine, then this is a very valuable find, since you can use it to make many useful household devices. The easiest way is to use an engine from a washing machine to make excellent sandpaper for sharpening knives, various tools and drills.
The main problem in making the device is attaching the sharpening stone to the engine body itself. In most cases, the whetstone has a hole that does not fit the motor shaft. That is why you need to make a flange that, on the one hand, can be pressed onto the shaft, and on the other, will have a thread, which will allow you to screw in and secure the grinding wheel.
Experienced craftsmen recommend that beginners use old pieces of pipe 32 mm long and no more than 20 cm long as a flange. On one piece of pipe we make a thread whose length should be 2 times the thickness of the grinding wheel. The other end of the pipe is heated with a soldering iron and placed on the shaft. To better hold the pipe, it can be bolted together. After this, take 3 nuts and screw them onto the flange from the thread side until it stops, then put on the washer and, finally, the grinding wheel, then the washer again, and secure with a nut. At the end you can also add a lock nut.
Blade for walk-behind tractor
To make a blade you will need the following tools:
Before making a blade, it is necessary to calculate the compliance of the power of the walk-behind tractor with the dimensions of the bucket. Excessive load leads to rapid wear of parts and mechanisms of the unit. Depending on the weight and power of the machine, shovels are made 60-100 cm wide and 20-30 cm high.
Do-it-yourself snow removal for a walk-behind tractor is made in the following sequence:
The finished product needs to be cleaned and painted. All bolted connections must be lubricated regularly to prevent corrosion.
Design of a sprinkler for a vegetable garden
Homemade agricultural equipment also includes sprinklers for the garden, which can be made practically from waste that is found in everyone’s home. To irrigate your garden you will need:
The sprayer is screwed to the stick with the top nozzle so that the lever is pressed using nylon threads. Wrap it tightly so that the sprayer does not move. After this, take a plastic bottle and use a hot nail to melt a hole in the neck. Then we push the bolt into the molten hole and secure it with a nut on the outside. Before inserting the bolt, drill a through hole in it with a simple 3 mm metal drill. The hose is put on the bolt and secured with a small clamp using a screwdriver. We attach the second end of the hose to the pump and again secure it with a clamp so that everything is sealed.
The bottle contains poison for spraying beetles or water for watering crops. Screw the container to the top of the spray bottle, which is attached to a stick. Next, with the nozzle closed, we pump up the pump a little, after that we unwind the nozzle, and the sprayer starts working. In this way, you can spray trees of any height and large beds; if necessary, you can simply place the device on the ground and pump up the pump from time to time.
You can even make small greenhouses out of film at your dacha; you only need to drive a metal rod or stick into the ground and secure the plastic film in the form of a cone to the base.
Video about a drip irrigation system using a plastic bottle:
From below, the film is secured around an old barrel or adjusted with stones.
LABELING, PACKAGING, TRANSPORTATION AND STORAGE
8.1.1. Each variator must have a plate in a visible place in accordance with GOST 12970-67 or GOST 12971-67, containing the following data: manufacturer’s trademark, except for variators for export, designation of the variator (type, size, design); serial number according to the enterprise numbering system -manufacturer;year of manufacture;input shaft speed (in rpm);maximum and minimum output shaft speed (in rpm);output shaft power (in kW) or output shaft torque (in Nm ) for the maximum and minimum speed of the output shaft; the mass of the variator without oil (in kg); the mass of the required oil (in kg); In addition, a sign should be fixed in a visible place of the variator, on which recommendations on the method of regulating the speed of rotation are applied.( Amended edition, Amendment No. 1).
8.1.3. Labels on plates are marked in Russian, and on variators intended for export - in the language specified in the purchase order of the foreign trade organization.
8.2. Packaging requirements
8.2.2. The output ends of the shafts and plates must have an anti-corrosion coating.
8.2.4. Transport containers and packaging for climate control variators UHL4 - in accordance with GOST 15846-79*.
8.2.5. CVTs for export must be packed in wooden non-separable boxes, made according to the manufacturer’s drawings in accordance with the requirements of GOST 24634-81, types I-VII in accordance with GOST 2991-76, packaging category in accordance with GOST 23170-78.
8.2.7. Components that cannot be damaged during transportation must be removed and delivered in a packaged state. All openings connecting the internal cavities of the variator with the atmosphere, except for vents, must be closed.
8.3. Transportation requirements
8.3.2. Transportation conditions for CVTs of climatic version UHL4 are in accordance with GOST 15846-79.
8.3.4. CVTs are transported by any type of transport fixed on flat surfaces without contact with each other.
8.4.1. Storage conditions for variators are 2 for climatic versions U, UHL and 6 for climatic versions T according to GOST 15150-69. CVTs must be stored without contact with each other on flat surfaces not subject to vibration.
Making a field sprayer
A homemade sprayer for a walk-behind tractor is necessary in cases where the area of cultivated crops exceeds 20 acres. Doing this type of work manually is very difficult and can take a whole day. Mechanization of this process will save a lot of time and effort.
To make a sprayer you will need:
Assembling a homemade sprayer is carried out in the following sequence:
A self-made sprayer will fully justify the efforts invested in the first season. Thanks to this device, spraying and watering the garden will be done quickly and efficiently.
Diagnostics of a CVT gearbox
If problems are detected regarding the electronic part, the message “Service required” will light up on the display located on the dashboard.
If the liquid temperature rises above normal, the “Slow down” light will light up.
In order to accurately determine the breakdown and fix it yourself, you need special diagnostics carried out using special equipment. For many breakdowns, a special code is provided, which is used to set:
When performing diagnostics, do not forget that the probable cause of the problem may not only be the failure of some component. Often the wiring may be damaged or some connector may be defective. The problem may also be a malfunction of the gearbox control unit.
In some situations, if malfunctions are detected, the transmission control system can be automatically switched to a special mode. This mode differs from the usual one in a special fixed gear ratio.
Problems with the mechanical parts of the boxes cannot be identified only using electronic diagnostics. In this situation, there is a need for a whole range of measures:
CVT repair
In the operation of CVT boxes, malfunctions and breakdowns of various types sometimes occur. Very often noises and squeaks of various types occur. In this case, disassembling the gearbox may be necessary. This process is not so complicated and with a detailed study of the material you can handle it yourself.
Tools
- a set of keys;
- Screwdriver Set;
- regular hammer;
- clamps;
- containers for parts;
- large work desk.
Stages
Before you begin disassembly, it is worth preparing in advance special containers for the parts to be removed. To make it easier to assemble later, place the containers in order of disassembly. If you are doing this work for the first time and are not sure that you will be able to remember the disassembly order, then this entire process can be captured on camera. Spare parts can also be labeled.
It is better to carry out repairs in a well-lit and ventilated area.
Now that the variator has been disassembled, it is necessary to check all its components and systems. Pay special attention to the condition of the bearings, pay attention to whether the play is increased. Look at the condition of the belt and whether its tension has loosened. Inspect the gears, hydraulic unit and other parts; defects may be found on them. The most common problem that results in noise in the CVT gearbox is high wear of the bearings. In this case, nothing will help, except replacement; you can do it yourself.
It is very important to identify a fault in the variator box in time and eliminate it. This will avoid more serious damage, which will be quite difficult to repair, and it will cost much less.
Portal about construction
More and more gardeners today are asking the question: how to tune a walk-behind tractor with your own hands? After all, if you turn to specialists in this matter, this can entail large financial costs. Ultimately, remaking a walk-behind tractor can even cost much more than purchasing a new unit.
But there are several available options that allow you to tune a walk-behind tractor with your own hands with minimal investment of money and time.
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DIY drawings for a summer house and vegetable garden will be useful to everyone. A dacha is the ultimate dream of, if not every average person, then certainly every second person. Not everyone, of course, will be lucky enough to become the owner of a country plot in their lifetime, but those who are lucky will need to constantly monitor and improve it, which requires considerable expenses. Do-it-yourself homemade products for your dacha and garden help you keep your dacha in impeccable condition. Today we will tell you a few secrets on how to save money on buying the necessary things for your garden and make them at home. Of course, not everyone can make a grader with their own hands or self-propelled guns for a tractor, but most of the homemade products will definitely come in handy on the farm.
Application of variator in machine tools
The machine equipment is equipped with a variator in cases where it is necessary to change the rotation speed of the workpiece. In industrial versions of lathes, several pulleys are provided
, and rearranging the belt between them is inconvenient; such an operation requires stopping the machine equipment.
An alternative for operating machine equipment is a homemade variator for the machine. Its disadvantage is that the belt slips, but this also protects the engine when a workpiece wedge occurs. Experts, having examined the homemade variator, came to the conclusion that, despite the existing shortcomings, it increases work productivity, there is no need to turn off the machine, and the speed is adjusted smoothly.
Let's look at what a machine variator consists of, and how you can make it yourself when you have a lathe at home.
The best model can be assembled using round belts
. At home, for your own lathe, such a variator greatly helps in work.
Improved engine performance
How to increase the speed of a walk-behind tractor? In this regard, nothing can be radically changed, since it’s all about the engine’s performance. To improve its performance, it is necessary to lubricate the main parts of the engine as often as possible. But the main thing is to change the oil in a timely manner. If you do not do this, the engine (and with it the walk-behind tractor) will quickly fail.
If you often have to work in frost or extreme heat, special attention should be paid to candles. The speed and overall efficiency of the engine largely depends on their quality. In order for the walk-behind tractor to plow more soil in an hour, you should replace the old spark plugs with new ones of better quality. This will make it possible to start the unit faster and protect the car from overheating or freezing.
We take the issue of choosing an engine seriously
A homemade motorized towing vehicle requires a high-quality engine. It is necessary to choose its characteristics correctly. The master must think about the number of engine cycles. It is preferable to use a two-stroke variety, which has impressive size and weight compared to a four-stroke. But as for the power characteristics, they remain almost at the same level.
CVT diagnostics
If a certain malfunction actually occurs with the electronic part, a notification “Service required” should appear on the monitor located on the dashboard. “Slow down” should appear on the same monitor if the liquid temperature exceeds the norm. For self-diagnosis, you can use the program from Google Play CVTz50
and adapter ELM327
To accurately identify problems and fix them yourself, special diagnostics are required, which is performed using special equipment. Many faults have their own code, through which they are detected:
When performing diagnostics, you should remember that the cause of a variator malfunction is not only the breakdown of a specific component. Often the cause of a CVT failure is damage to the wiring or some connector. Or the cause may be a malfunction of the variator control unit.
There are also situations in which, if a malfunction is detected, the variator control system is automatically switched to a special mode. The difference between the special mode and the normal mode is the presence of a fixed gear ratio.
If the CVT malfunction is concentrated in the mechanical part, then to identify it you will need to take a number of measures:
CVT, its application, positive factors
Cars produced with a CVT are economical
, since the engine operates almost constantly in optimal mode, less toxic gases are released into the air, better acceleration of the car.
It is ensured by a smooth gear ratio and smooth acceleration of the car, no jerks. Transmission components last longer than in a manual transmission. When comparing a CVT with an automatic transmission, their design is simpler, which allows you to do repairs yourself.
Despite all the positive qualities, this device is not an ideal gearbox, the reason for this is its frictional operation
. This is when the torque is transmitted by friction, and has limitations; if they are exceeded, the belt will begin to slip, with a high rate of wear.
It is not advisable to use a CVT on a car frequently at maximum loads; you should not use a “sports” driving mode on these cars, with frequent jerking and braking. Its ideal and long-term performance is when the car is driven quietly, smoothly.
Conversion into an all-terrain vehicle and trailer mount
If the region is characterized not only by severe winters, but also by wet clay soils and swampy terrain, then it would be more reasonable to upgrade the walk-behind tractor into an all-terrain vehicle. This will allow you to work with the unit in any weather and on any soil. In order for such a modernization to be carried out successfully, several important recommendations must be taken into account. The basis of this improvement is a special frame with not two, but four wheels. It is 4 powerful wheels that will allow the unit to move without much effort. Please note that the rotational motion to these wheels must be transmitted to the rear axle through the driveshaft. If the transmission goes to the front axle, then nothing good will come of such a modification.
The walk-behind tractor body itself is attached to such a wheel base by ordinary welding. Just weld the parts carefully and in several places so that nothing falls off during the work. Such a simple modification allows you to get a super walk-behind tractor, which in appearance will somewhat resemble a small ATV or even a mini-tractor.
The most common way to modernize old walk-behind tractors is to attach trailers to them. This is quite a convenient thing. After all, the trailer makes it possible to use the unit not only as a machine for removing snow, hay or for cultivating soil, but also as a separate vehicle for transporting medium and large loads.
This modernization of the walk-behind tractor involves attaching a trailer to it. This is done using a fairly rigid coupling method. It is extremely important to maintain the center of gravity during operation. After all, its minimal incorrect displacement will lead to the fact that it will simply be impossible to transport cargo in a trailer, since the unit will always turn over along with the trailer. The center of gravity must move back a little. It is also recommended to install a differential to increase the maneuverability of the mini-tractor and attach special bushings in front, which will slightly increase the width of the front axle.
