Instructions for labor protection when working on a sharpening machine

GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1.1. Persons over 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, introductory and initial workplace safety briefings, have studied the design of the machine, have learned safe working techniques on it, have undergone an internship and tested their knowledge of labor safety requirements are allowed to work independently on a sharpening machine. 1.2. Dangerous and harmful production factors when working on a tabletop drilling machine are: - electric current; — lack of protective grounding; — rupture of the abrasive wheel during work as a result of incorrect work methods, installation of a wheel with a crack on the machine, improper installation and fastening of the wheel on the machine spindle; — jamming of the workpiece between the circle and the tool rest; — emery dust; — lack of a device for clamping small parts; — work without safety glasses; - sudden movement and strong pressure on the sanding wheel; — insufficient covering of the abrasive wheel with a casing (guard). 1.3. When working on a sharpening machine, the employee is obliged to: - work in special clothing during the work shift; — take all measures to urgently eliminate deficiencies that could cause an accident; - work with proper tools and equipment; — maintain equipment, fencing of dangerous places and safety devices in good condition; - perform only the work assigned by the foreman or supervisor; — comply with internal regulations; - if you are injured at work, immediately consult a doctor, inform your manager about the incident and leave the situation as it was in the accident, unless this causes any undesirable consequences; — provide assistance to the injured person at work and inform the manager about the incident. 1.4. In order to prevent an accident or breakdown, a person working on a sharpening machine is prohibited from: - using dangerous methods and work techniques; - work on faulty equipment, with removed, faulty or incorrectly installed protective, blocking or signaling devices, in the absence or malfunction of protective grounding; — perform work without appropriate personal protective equipment; — touch live parts of equipment, independently eliminate faults in electrical equipment and lighting; — use fire extinguishing agents for purposes other than their intended purpose; - turn on or stop (except in emergency cases) equipment that is not authorized to be operated; — open the doors of electrical cabinets; - drinking alcohol and using drugs in the workplace. 1.5. Report any equipment malfunctions noticed to your supervisor. 1.6. In case of illness or injury, stop working, personally or through employees, inform the foreman or supervisor and go to the first aid station. 1.7. In the event of an accident, provide first aid to the victim, report the incident to the foreman, call an ambulance by calling 103. Take measures to preserve the situation in which the accident occurred, if this does not affect the course of the work process and does not pose a danger to others. 1.8. Persons guilty of violating the requirements of this instruction will be held accountable in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

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I APPROVED: Director of LLC “___________” _____________ Full name. "___"_______ 20__

Instruction No. __ on labor protection when working on sharpening machines.

1. General safety requirements 1.1. Trained personnel who have undergone a medical examination, instructions on labor protection in the workplace, are familiar with fire safety rules and have mastered safe work practices are allowed to work independently on sharpening machines. 1.2. The sharpener is allowed to work only on machines to which he is authorized, and to perform work that is entrusted to him by the head of the workshop (section). 1.3. A worker servicing sharpening machines must have: special clothing and shoes in accordance with the issuance standards and personal protective equipment (mask or goggles) 1.4. If the floor is slippery (drenched in oil, emulsion), the worker must demand that it be sprinkled with sawdust, or do it himself. 1.5. The sharpener is prohibited from:

use untested abrasive tools;
work in the absence of a wooden grid on the floor under your feet along the length of the machine, which prevents shoes from getting between the slats and ensures the free passage of chips;
It is forbidden to work on the machine with a broken ground wire, in the absence or malfunction of locking devices;
stand and walk under a raised load;
pass in places not intended for the passage of people;
enter the fences of technological equipment without permission;
remove barriers to hazardous areas of operating equipment;
wash your hands in emulsion, oil, kerosene and wipe them with wiping tips contaminated with shavings.

1.6. The sharpener must immediately notify the master about each accident and contact the medical center.

2. Safety requirements before starting work 2.1. Before starting work, the sharpener must:

accept the machine from the shift worker: check that the machine and workplace are well cleaned. You should not start work until identified deficiencies are eliminated;
put your overalls in order, button up your sleeves and jacket, put on your hat;
check the presence and serviceability of a protective screen and safety glasses, safety devices for protection against abrasive dust and coolants;
adjust local lighting so that the work area is sufficiently illuminated and the light does not blind the eyes;
Check the machine for lubrication. When lubricating, only special devices should be used;
securely fasten the support, installing it in such a way that the gap between the edge of the support and the working surface of the abrasive wheel is no more than 3 mm. The working surface of the tool rest must be flat, and the edge of the working surface must be free of potholes and gouges;
Check at idle speed of the machine: a) serviceability of controls; b) serviceability of the lubrication and cooling system; c) proper fixation of control levers;
check the condition of the abrasive wheels by external inspection in order to identify cracks and potholes;
check the strength test certificate for circles with a diameter of 150 mm and above.

2.2. The installation of abrasive wheels and their fastening to the spindle of a sharpening machine must be carried out by persons who have undergone special training and received instructions on the rules for installing abrasive tools on sharpening machines: a) installers install abrasive wheels assembled and balanced with faceplates; b) sharpeners install only those abrasive wheels that do not undergo balancing. 2.3. The sharpener is prohibited from: working in slippers, sandals, sandals, etc.; use faulty and improperly sharpened cutting tools and devices; touch live parts of electrical equipment, open electrical cabinet doors. If necessary, contact an electrician.

3. Safety requirements during operation. 3.1. During work, the sharpener must:

turn on the exhaust ventilation and check its operation;
place the tool issued for sharpening on a workbench, without cluttering the workplace and passages;
check the reliability of the fastening of the abrasive wheel, the presence of cardboard gaskets between the clamping flanges and the wheel, the reliability of the fastening of the nuts clamping the flanges;
check the proper operation of the machine at idle for 3-5 minutes, being away from the danger zone of possible rupture of the abrasive wheel;
Before installing the workpiece and fixtures on the machine, clean them from chips and oil;
When sharpening or finishing, securely fasten the tool in a fixture or use a tool rest. It is prohibited to hold the tool suspended while sharpening;
Sharpening of axial tools processed in centers should only be done with serviceable center holes, and do not allow the top of the centers to rest against the bottom of the center holes; the tool must fit tightly into both centers of the entire conical surface of the center holes;
when feeding manually, feed the wheel or tool onto the wheel smoothly, without jerking or sharp pressure;
do not allow work on the side surfaces of the wheel unless the wheel is specifically designed for this type of work;
Sharpening and finishing of tools with diamond wheels should only be done with cooling;
when sharpening a tool with coolant, make sure that the liquid washes the abrasive or diamond wheel over its entire working surface and is drained in a timely manner;
when switching from dry to wet sharpening, in order to avoid tearing, allow the wheel to pre-cool (cool down) and only then begin sharpening the tool with coolant;
Dressing of abrasive wheels should only be done with diamonds, diamond-metallic pencils or special diamond substitutes in accordance with the established dressing technology;
Remove diamond and metal dust from the machine using a special sweeping brush or scraper. It is prohibited to perform this work directly with your hands;
do not allow the cleaner to clean the machine while it is working;
protect the circle from blows and shocks;
Stop the machine and turn off the electrical equipment in the following cases:

a) leaving the machine even for a short time; b) during temporary cessation of work; c) during a power outage; d) when cleaning, lubricating, cleaning the machine; e) if any malfunction is detected that poses a danger; e) when tightening bolts, nuts and other fasteners. 3.2. While working on the machine it is prohibited:

work on the machine wearing mittens or gloves, as well as with bandaged fingers without rubber finger caps;
take and feed any objects through a working machine, tighten nuts, bolts and other connecting parts of the machine;
sharpen cutting tools on faulty equipment;
slow down the rotation of the spindle by pressing your hand on the rotating parts of the machine;
use local lighting with voltage above 42 V;
lean on the machine while it is working and allow others to do this;
work in circles that have cracks or potholes;
use levers to increase pressure on the circle;
while the machine is operating, open and remove guards and safety devices;
leave keys, fixtures and other tools on the working machine.

4. Safety requirements in emergency situations 4.1. In the event of a breakdown of the machine or failure of the control panel, the sharpener must turn off the machine and inform the foreman about it. 4.2. If rags, equipment catches fire, or a fire occurs, you must immediately turn off the machine, inform the administration and other workshop workers about the incident, and begin to eliminate the source of fire. 4.3. In the event of an emergency, a danger to your health or the health of others, you should turn off the machine, leave the danger zone and report the danger to your immediate supervisor.

5. Safety requirements after completion of work 5.1. At the end of the work, the sharpener must:

turn off the machine and electric motor;
tidy up your workspace:
remove diamond and metal dust from the machine;
clean the machine from dirt;
carefully place the workpieces and tools in the designated place;
lubricate the rubbing parts of the machine;

5.2. Hand over the machine to a replacement or foreman and report any malfunctions of the machine. 5.3. Take off your overalls and hang them in the closet, wash your face and hands with warm water and soap, or take a shower.

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OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Put on overalls, fasten the cuffs of the sleeves and all the buttons of the clothes so that there are no loose ends hanging down, wear closed-top shoes. Tuck your hair under your headdress. 2.2. Grinding machines with a horizontal axis of rotation of the wheel, intended for processing manually and without a supply of cutting fluid (coolant), stationary on a stand and tabletop, must be equipped with a protective screen for the eyes made of non-splintering material with a thickness of at least 3 mm. The screen should be positioned symmetrically in relation to the circle. The width of the screen must be at least 150 mm greater than the diameter of the circle. The design of the screen must provide for rotation around an axis to adjust its position depending on the size of the workpiece and wear of the grinding wheel within 20°, excluding its complete tilting. Rotation of the screen at an angle of more than 20° must be interlocked with the start of the machine spindle. If it is not possible to use a stationary protective screen, safety glasses or protective visors attached to the worker’s head must be used. 2.3. Check the machine for malfunction, following the general sequence: - check the mechanical strength of the grounding fastening; — check the reliability of fastening of the protective covers; — visually inspect the condition of the circle, it must be free of chips and cracks and have markings; — make sure that the protective fence is available and in good condition; — check the correct installation of the tool rest and the reliability of its fastening - the gap between the edge of the tool rest and the working surface of the circle should be no more than 3 mm; — make sure that the machine is in good working order at idle speed, its starting device and the presence of a serviceable guard, and the absence of wheel runout; 2.4. Report any noticed malfunctions of the machine, fences, devices to the foreman and begin work only after they have been eliminated.

Rules for working on sharpening machines

There is a lot of information on the Internet about the features of sharpening equipment and its characteristics, but they rarely write about safety precautions when working with it. Let's try to fill this gap.

Before starting work, you should set the slider to the extreme left position. The parts are fastened with a special U-shaped bracket with a gap of 1-2 mm with the cutting edge located parallel to the tip of the circle.

Sharpening on the machine is done without strong pressure, moving the part with the right hand to the end of the working surface of the disk, and the left hand adjusts the feed.

To obtain a radius edge on the tool, a special attachment is used that provides non-standard sharpening. First, remove the clamping brackets and retaining screws and secure the fixture to the machine, then secure the holder and move the slide to the center.

Basic technological requirements when sharpening blades:

The edge of the part being processed should be positioned at a given angle to the abrasive stone, ensuring constant force and speed when moving;
First, the edge of the tool is sharpened at a certain angle, then other edges of the cutting part are adjusted;
The sharpening machine must be equipped with a steel frame, a movable support and have extreme rigidity.

It is necessary to ensure rigid fixation of the tool at a given angle and movement of the stone along the cutting edge with measured force. It is not recommended to use an angle grinder (grinder) for straightening the blades of axes, planes and knives due to the danger of overheating the disc, which is not suitable for this purpose. There is special professional sharpening equipment for this.

The sharpening worker must:

connect the hood, check its serviceability;
bring order to the workplace, do not clutter the aisles;
check the fastening of the disk and seals;
evaluate the performance of the machine in idle mode for a few minutes;
secure the tool intended for sharpening in the device, having first thoroughly cleaned it of chips;
check the serviceability of the center holes of the axial elements before work, do not allow the tops of the centers to rest in them;
ensure smooth movement of the wheel during manual feeding;
use coolant, monitoring the washing of the entire surface of the circle and timely drainage;
The discs should be straightened with special diamond elements in accordance with the technological instructions;
For cleaning, use brushes and scrapers, do not allow unauthorized persons to operate the machine, do not allow impacts or shocks.

It is necessary to turn off the power supply:

during a short-term stoppage of work or power outages;
during preventive measures, checking fasteners, broaching, monitoring the performance of all components;
when a breakdown is detected that requires surgical intervention and repair.

During work it is prohibited:

Use gloves and mittens;
Carry out any repair and maintenance actions without first turning off the power supply;
Be in the dangerous zone of rotation of the circle;
Perform sharpening on a faulty machine and hold the cutter or drill suspended;
Stop or slow down the spindle by hand;
Use local lighting devices with a voltage of more than 42 V;
Avoid leaning while the equipment is running;
Use wheels that have large flaws and damage;
Remove the protective screen and guarding devices until the rotation stops;
Keep foreign objects on the machine while it is turned on.

By following these simple rules for working with sharpening tools, you will work efficiently and safely.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. Turn on the exhaust ventilation and check its operation. 3.2. Check the reliability of fastening of the abrasive wheel, the presence of cardboard spacers between the clamping flanges and the wheel, and the reliability of fastening of the nuts clamping the flanges. 3.3. Check the proper operation of the machine at idle for 3-5 minutes, being away from the danger zone of possible rupture of the abrasive wheel. 3.4. Before processing parts and fixtures, clean them from chips and oil. 3.5. When sharpening or finishing, securely secure the tool in a fixture or use a tool rest. It is prohibited to hold the tool suspended while sharpening. 3.6. When feeding manually, feed the wheel or tool onto the wheel smoothly, without jerking or sharp pressure. Hold a short and small instrument using a special frame. 3.7. It is not allowed to work on the side surfaces of the wheel unless the wheel is specifically designed for this type of work. 3.8. Operate the sharpening machine only with protective equipment (screen, goggles). 3.9. Hold a short and small instrument using a special frame. 3.10. Make sure that when sharpening your fingers do not come into contact with the abrasive wheel and the blade of the tool being sharpened. 3.11. Do not work on the miter surfaces of the wheel. 3.12. To avoid injury from flying particles of the wheel if it breaks, stand slightly to the side of the abrasive wheel (at an angle of 45 degrees to the wheel) when working on the machine. 3.13. Periodically remove metal and abrasive dust with a brush. It is prohibited to blow off dust with your mouth. 3.14. Set up and adjust the machine only when the power supply is turned off. 3.15. Stop the machine and turn off the electrical equipment in the following cases: - leaving the machine even for a short time; — temporary cessation of work; — interruption in the supply of electricity; — when cleaning, lubricating, cleaning the machine; - if any malfunction is detected that poses a danger; - when tightening bolts, nuts and other fasteners. 3.16. While working on a sharpening machine, it is prohibited to: - work on the machine with mittens or gloves, as well as with bandaged fingers without rubber fingertips; - take and feed any objects through a working machine, tighten nuts, bolts and other connecting parts of the machine; — sharpen cutting tools on faulty equipment; - slow down the rotation of the spindle by pressing your hand on the rotating parts of the machine; — use local lighting with voltage above 42V; - lean on the machine during its operation and allow others to do this; - work in circles that have cracks or potholes; - use levers to increase pressure on the circle; — while the machine is operating, open and remove guards and safety devices; - leave keys, fixtures and other tools on a working machine. - do not remove fallen objects or parts from hazardous areas without turning off the machine. 3.17. If a malfunction occurs in the operation of the machine, immediately stop working, stop the sharpening machine, and inform the manager about the malfunction.

Instructions for labor protection when working on a sharpening machine

1. General labor protection requirements

1.1. The labor protection instructions when working on a sharpening machine are compiled on the basis of standard labor protection instructions for a general-purpose machine operator, turner, milling machine operator, grinder, polisher, sharpener (TOI R-31-204-97).

1.2. The labor protection requirements set out in the labor protection instructions when working on a sharpening machine apply to persons processing metals on metal-cutting machines (lathes, drilling and boring, milling, planing, slotting, broaching, gear cutting, cutting, grinding), as well as combining other professions with the professions of a turner, milling machine operator, gear cutter, grinder, insulator, sharpener (general profile machine operator).

1.3. Persons at least 18 years of age who have passed a medical examination, have the appropriate profession, qualification category, and have undergone labor safety instructions and training in safe methods of performing work are allowed to perform the metal cutting process.

1.4. Occupational safety briefing and training in safe techniques and work methods are mandatory for all employees and new employees, including those undergoing practical training.

1.5. When performing work, a machine operator may come into contact with dangerous and harmful production factors. A HAZARDOUS production factor is a factor whose impact on a worker, under certain conditions, can lead to injury or a sudden deterioration in health, HARMFUL - to a decrease in performance or illness.

1.6. When working on a sharpening machine, workers may be exposed to the following hazardous production factors:

— lack of a protective casing for the abrasive wheel and protective screen;

- eye injury (wound, blockage, burns);

— injuries from fragments of an abrasive wheel or tool due to the large gap between the machine support and the abrasive wheel;

- catching clothes or hair by rotating machine parts;

— malfunction of the electrical equipment of the machine and the grounding of its body. 1.7. When performing work, in accordance with the type of dangerous and harmful production factors, the employee is obliged to use personal protective equipment (working clothing, safety shoes and safety devices: goggles, respirator, headphones, etc.) with mandatory adherence to personal hygiene rules. When performing work, there should be a wooden grid with a dielectric rubber mat on the floor near the machine.

1.8. When heavy cooling with emulsions, oils, turpentine, and kerosene is used on machines, workers are given protective pastes.

1.9. Along with the requirements of these Instructions, the machine operator must comply with:

— requirements set out in the tariff and qualification characteristics for the level of theoretical and practical knowledge of a worker with appropriate qualifications;

— technological process of the work performed;

— rules for the technical operation of equipment, devices, tools with which it works or which it services;

— internal labor regulations.

1.10. When performing assigned work, the machine operator must not leave his workplace without the permission of the manager or take part in the production of work not assigned to him. Smoking and eating are not allowed during work.

1.11. If the floor is slippery (drenched in oil, emulsion), the worker must demand that it be sprinkled with sawdust, or do it himself.

1.12. The weight of the load when carried manually on a flat surface should not exceed: for men - 20 kg, for women - 10 kg, for boys from 16 to 18 years old - 16 kg. In other cases, the cargo must be moved using mechanisms and devices. Work on installing parts, fixtures, and tools weighing more than 20 kg on machines, presses, and transport devices must be mechanized.

1.13. It is prohibited to use tools, devices, or work on equipment that the employee has not been trained or instructed to use.

1.14. In cases of injury or illness, you must stop work, notify the work manager and contact a medical facility.

1.15. All noticed malfunctions of machines, equipment and devices must be immediately reported to the head of the department.

1.16. For violation of the requirements of these instructions, the machine operator is responsible in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

2. Labor protection requirements before starting work

2.1. When performing dangerous and rarely performed work, the machine operator must receive targeted instruction on labor safety from the supervisor.

2.2. Before starting work, it is necessary to put your work clothes in order, tuck your hair under your headdress, prepare the necessary tools, a hook for removing chips, safety devices (glasses, headphones, a respirator), inspect the machine equipment, lifting equipment and tools, determine their serviceability and readiness for use.

2.3. The workplace must be clean and sufficiently lit, aisles and areas near machine equipment must be free of tools, parts and consumables. Tooling, blanks, finished parts and production waste must be located on special racks, tables, and containers.

2.4. Machine tools and workbenches should be equipped with low-voltage lighting. When using fluorescent lighting on machines, protection of operating personnel must be ensured from the stroboscopic effect appearing on the moving parts of the machine.

2.5. Before starting the machine, it is necessary to check the presence and serviceability of:

— guards of gear wheels, drive belts, rollers, drives, etc., as well as live parts of equipment (starters, switches, etc.). Folding, sliding and removable barriers must be kept from spontaneous movement;

— grounding devices;

— safety devices for protection against chips and coolants. Hoses supplying coolant must be placed so that they cannot come into contact with the cutting tool and moving parts of the machine;

— devices for tool fastening (no cracks, fastening strength of hard alloy plates, chip breaking thresholds, etc.).

2.6. The machine operator must ensure sufficient lubrication of the machine, using special devices, check the correct operation of the locking devices and make sure that there are no foreign objects on the machine.

2.7. When turning on the machine at idle, check:

— serviceability of controls (mechanisms of main movement, feed, start, stop movement, etc.);

— serviceability of the lubrication and cooling system;

— the serviceability of fixing the switching and switching levers (the possibility of spontaneous switching must be excluded);

— whether there are any jams or excessive slack in the moving parts of the machine (in the spindle, in the longitudinal and transverse slides of the support).

2.8. Cutting, measuring, fastening tools and accessories should be laid out in an order convenient for use. It is allowed to work only with working tools and devices and use them strictly for their intended purpose.

2.9. The cutting tool must be properly sharpened, the shanks and seats must not be damaged or deformed.

2.10. Wrenches must have a mouth that matches the size of the nuts, bolt heads, and be free of cracks, gouges and burrs. The jaws of the keys must be parallel. Sliding keys should not have excessive slack in the moving parts. It is not allowed to use wrenches, placing plates between the nuts and the wrench, or to extend the handles of the wrenches using another wrench, pipes, or other objects.

2.11. Hand tools for cutting and punching metal (chisels, crosscutters, bits, notches, etc.) must meet the following requirements:

— the cutting edge must not be damaged; the side edges in places where the tool is supported by hands should not have sharp edges, burrs or cracks;

- the length of the tool must be at least 150 mm, the length of the center punch - 100 mm.

2.12. Files, rasps, scrapers, hammers must be firmly attached to wooden handles.

2.13. Abrasive wheels must be securely fastened and free from cracks and gouges. Between the circle and the clamping flanges, gaskets with a thickness of 0.5 - 1 mm are required. The gap between the abrasive wheel and the tool rest should be no more than 3 mm.

2.14. It is prohibited to work on faulty equipment, use faulty tools, or independently carry out repairs to machines and equipment that are not provided for by the worker’s qualifications.

3. Labor protection requirements during work

3.1. Safety requirements must be met throughout the entire technological process, including operations of technical control, transportation, storage of processing objects and removal of production waste.

3.2. Technological processes associated with the danger of explosion and fire must be carried out in compliance with special additional requirements (processing of beryllium, its alloys, titanium, magnesium alloys, etc.).

3.3. It is prohibited to work on machine tools, automatic lines and other metalworking mechanisms in the absence or malfunction of the machine starting blocking devices with protective guards for gear, belt, chain drives, and gearboxes.

3.4. It is not allowed to work on machines wearing mittens or gloves, as well as with bandaged fingers without finger caps.

3.5. Before installing the part on the machine, it is necessary to wipe it and the surface of the fastening devices.

3.6. The cutting tool can be installed and removed only after the machine has completely stopped.

3.7. When securing several workpieces at the same time, they must be clamped evenly.

3.8. The movements of the handles when clamping and squeezing the product should not be directed towards the tool.

3.9. When cutting workpieces that extend beyond the equipment, portable guards and safety signs must be installed.

3.10. When processing parts, you should use the cutting modes specified in the operating chart for this part. You cannot increase the set cutting modes without the knowledge of the master.

3.11. While the machine is operating, you must not take or feed any objects through the operating machine, or tighten bolts, nuts and other connecting parts of the machine.

3.12. Manual checking of the dimensions of workpieces and removal of parts for inspection should be carried out only when the mechanisms for rotating or moving workpieces, tools, and devices are turned off. During the operation of machines and mechanisms, checking the dimensions of parts should be carried out by automatically operating instrumentation or special devices.

3.13. It is prohibited to cool cutting tools with wet rags or brushes.

3.14. On metal-cutting machines that have devices for cooling the cutting tool with a freely falling jet (watering) or sprayed liquid that produces harmful aerosols, gas receivers must be equipped to remove these aerosols directly from the place of their formation. Do not operate machines and mechanisms when coolant or oil is splashing or spreading onto the floor. Shields must be installed to protect against splashes.

3.15. It is prohibited to work on metalworking machines in the absence or malfunction of screens and fences protecting workers from flying chips and metal particles.

3.16. If the machines are not equipped with protective devices (screens) by design, it is necessary to use safety glasses. When processing brittle metals (cast iron, bronze, brass), as well as plastics and textolite, which produce flying chips, and when crushing steel chips during the processing process, dust collectors (suction units) must be used to remove dust and chips from the place of their formation. When processing tough metals that produce continuous chips, it is necessary to use cutters with special chip breaking devices.

3.17. The machine operator must ensure the timely removal of chips from the workplace and the machine, do not allow the chips to wrap around the workpiece or cutter, and do not direct the curling chips towards themselves. To remove chips, you must use brushes, hooks and tassels with wooden handles at least 250 mm long. It is forbidden to remove chips directly with your hands, or use random tools or hooks with a handle in the form of a loop.

3.18. If vibration occurs, you must stop the machine and take measures to eliminate it, check the fastening of the cutter and the part.

3.19. The machine operator must stop the machine and turn off the electric motor when:

- leaving the machine even for a short time;

— temporary cessation of work;

— interruption in the supply of electricity;

— cleaning, lubricating, cleaning the machine;

— detecting a malfunction in equipment;

— tightening bolts, nuts and other connecting parts of the machine;

— installation, measurement and removal of parts;

— checking or cleaning the cutting edge of the cutter;

— removing and putting on belts on machine pulleys.

3.20. Workers are allowed to carry out work using lifting machines controlled from the floor and hanging loads on the hook of these machines after instruction and testing of skills in operating machines and securing loads.

3.21. It is not allowed to wash your hands in oil, emulsion, kerosene, or wipe them with wiping tips contaminated with shavings.

3.22. When preparing solutions of powdered and granular detergents for flushing cooling systems, workers must use masks or respirators.

3.23. Released containers and packaging materials must be promptly removed from workplaces to places designated for this purpose.

3.24. Wiping material (rags) is stored in a special, tightly closed metal container in specially designated areas. As used cleaning materials accumulate, but at least once per shift, the containers must be cleaned.

3.25. Storage and transportation of coolant should be carried out in clean steel barrels, cans, cans, as well as in containers made of tinplate or plastic.

3.26. Workplaces must be cleaned of chips and dust in a manner that prevents dust formation. It is not allowed to blow compressed air onto the surface being processed and the machine.

3.27. When repairing the machine, a sign must be posted on the control panel with the inscription “DO NOT TURN ON! REPAIR".

3.28. Labor protection requirements when working on sharpening machines.

3.28.1. All rotating abrasive tools (wheels) on machines, as well as the ends of spindles (shafts) with cones, threads, and nuts must be covered with protective casings, the fastening of which must reliably hold the casing in the event of a wheel break.

3.28.2. Grinding and sharpening machines with a horizontal axis of rotation of the wheel, when working on which the workpiece is held by hand, must be equipped with protective screens with inspection windows. If it is not possible to use a protective screen, protective visors attached to the worker’s head or safety glasses must be used.

3.28.3. Grinding machines designed to operate with a peripheral wheel speed of 60 m/s or more must have additional protective devices in the form of metal screens and fences that cover the working area during grinding, and shields that cover the open section of the wheel when the latter is withdrawn.

3.28.4. Cylindrical grinding machines must have devices that prevent the tailstock quill from coming off during the grinding process.

3.28.5. Polishing and grinding (dry grinding) machines must be equipped with local exhaust ventilation. It is not allowed to work in the absence or malfunction of ventilation.

3.28.6. When sharpening, polishing and grinding products held in the hands, special devices (handles) and mandrels must be used. The tool rests must be movable to ensure that they can be installed in the desired position, and also have a platform of sufficient size for a stable position of the workpiece. The gap between the edge of the tool rest and the working surface of the circle should be no more than 3 mm. The handgrips must be installed so that the upper point of contact of the product with the circle is above the horizontal plane passing through the center of the circle, but not more than 10 mm.

3.28.7. Wheels installed on the machine must be well centered, have test marks, be thoroughly inspected and checked for cracks. The installation of tools (circles) must be carried out by a specially trained worker or service technician. Circles must be protected from impacts and shocks.

3.28.8. Polishing wheels on a wooden disk must be secured to the machine spindle using flanges of the same diameter with internal grooves on the pressing surfaces.

3.28.9. Centering and removal of protruding parts of polishing wheels (felt and sewn cloth) must be done on a special (grinding) machine equipped with a protective casing and local exhaust ventilation.

3.28.10. The use of polishing wheels with wear and tear is not permitted.

3.28.11. You can start working on a newly installed wheel only after running it in at the permissible operating speed at idle for 2 minutes. At the same time, it is necessary to take measures to ensure the safety of workers and surrounding people in the event of a rupture of the circle.

3.28.12. Abrasive and CBN tools intended for work with the use of coolant are not allowed to be operated without the use of coolant.

3.28.13. The abrasive blade of belt grinding machines must be protected by a casing along the entire length of the blade, with the exception of the area of contact with the workpiece.

3.28.14.When sanding with an emery cloth, it must be fed with special devices. Feeding the web by hand is prohibited.

3.28.15. Polishing paste in a solid state should be applied to polishing wheels at low rotation speed using special mandrels that hold the paste. Do not hold hard paste with your hands.

3.28.16. Polishing paste in a liquid state should be applied to polishing wheels at low rotation speed using brushes and with the protective cover installed. Do not apply liquid paste by pouring.

3.28.17.When dressing grinding wheels with diamond tools such as pencils, diamonds in settings, etc. it is necessary to ensure their relative position, eliminating the possibility of tool jamming.

3.28.18. Diamond and metal dust that did not get into the local suction must be removed from the machine using a sweeping brush and dustpan, and be sure to wear safety glasses. Doing this work with your hands is not allowed.

3.28.19. After finishing working with the coolant, you need to turn off the liquid supply and turn the machine on at idle speed for 2 - 3 minutes to dry the wheel.

3.28.20. When working on sharpening, grinding and polishing machines, it is prohibited:

- use wheels that have cracks or potholes;

— hold the workpiece in weight;

— bring your face closer to the rotating spindle and workpiece when observing the progress of processing;

- using a lever or any other device to press a part against an abrasive wheel on machines with manual feeding of products;

— use impact tools and wrench attachments when securing abrasive and diamond tools;

— polish with circles made up of stitched and unstitched fabric (calico) sections, if the width of the workpiece is less than the thickness of the section or if the part has sharp protrusions;

- balance the polishing wheel by cutting off its unbalanced parts with a knife while rotating the wheel quickly;

— trimming and straightening polishing nylon brushes with a carborundum wheel. This operation must be performed with a cutter on a special machine;

— use polishing wheels consisting of various materials;

— allow maximum operation of the circles;

- work with the side surface of the abrasive wheel (if the wheel is not specifically designed for such work);

— use wheels with a mineral binder when wet grinding.

3.29. When working on the machine, it is strictly prohibited to violate the requirements of the labor protection instructions when working on a sharpening machine.

4. Occupational safety requirements in emergency situations

4.1. In the event of a fire, equipment breakdown or other emergency situations, the employee must:

- stop work,

- turn off the machine,

- immediately inform the workshop manager about the incident, and if necessary, call the control room by phone. 59-53-49, 8-919-289-8520;

- use primary fire extinguishing means, if this does not threaten life, otherwise proceed to evacuate people from the danger zone, leave the danger zone yourself,

— ensure the safety of the emergency situation or accident, if this does not pose a danger to the life and health of people and does not lead to aggravation of the emergency situation.

4.2. In case of an accident at work:

— inform the head of the department, the dispatcher by phone. 59-53-49, 8-919-289-8520;

— organize first aid to the victim and, if necessary, transport him to a medical organization;

— take urgent measures to prevent the development of an emergency or other emergency situation and the impact of traumatic factors on other persons;

- before the investigation of the accident begins, preserve the situation as it was at the time of the incident, if this does not threaten the life and health of other persons and does not lead to a catastrophe, accident or other emergency circumstances, and if it is impossible to preserve it, record the current situation (compile schemes, carry out other activities).

5. Labor protection requirements upon completion of work

5.1. Upon completion of work, the machine operator must:

- turn off the equipment, tidy up the workplace, remove chips, tools, accessories from the machine, clean the machine from dirt, wipe and lubricate the rubbing parts of the machine, put finished products, workpieces, other materials and personal protective equipment in the places allocated for them;

— put workwear and safety shoes in a personal closet for workwear, and if they are dirty, put them in the wash (replace);

- Wash your hands and face with soap and water or take a shower.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EMERGENCIES

4.1. Possible emergency situations include: — rupture of the abrasive wheel; — break of the grounding bus; — exceeding the maximum permissible levels of abrasive dust; — fire occurrence during hot work and metal processing. 4.2. In all cases of emergencies, immediately stop work, turn off the power to the equipment and notify the enterprise administration. 4.3. If a fire occurs, call the fire department by calling 101 and take measures to extinguish it by correctly using primary fire extinguishing agents. In case of danger, leave the fire area. 4.4. In case of electric shock, release the victim by emergency shutdown of equipment or other safe means and take the victim to a doctor in any case of electric shock. 4.5. In case of accidents, provide first aid to the victim, call an ambulance by calling 103, and inform the administration of the enterprise. 4.6. If the abrasive wheel ruptures or the grounding bus breaks, turn off the machine and hang up the poster “Do not turn on - people are working!” 4.7. Take measures to preserve the situation in which the accident occurred before the commission begins an investigation, if this does not pose a danger to others and does not affect the progress of the work process. When it is impossible to preserve the situation, it is impossible to record it in photos or videos.

Instructions for labor protection when working with emery

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Instructions for labor protection when working with emery

Content

GENERAL OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS

1.1. This labor safety instruction provides basic safety requirements when working with emery. 1.2. Persons at least 18 years of age who have undergone a medical examination and have no contraindications for health reasons, have undergone introductory and initial workplace safety training, have been trained in safe methods and techniques, have undergone an on-the-job internship and tested their knowledge of the requirements are allowed to work with emery. labor protection, as well as training in fire safety rules and testing knowledge of fire safety rules within the scope of job responsibilities; training in electrical safety rules and testing knowledge of electrical safety rules within the scope of job responsibilities. 1.3. When working with emery, the employee is obliged to: - know and comply with the requirements of these instructions, rules and regulations of labor protection and industrial sanitation, rules and regulations for environmental protection, internal labor regulations; — comply with the rules of behavior on the territory of the enterprise, in production, auxiliary and household premises; — take care of personal safety and personal health; — comply with fire and explosion safety requirements, know fire warning signals, the procedure for dealing with it, the location of fire extinguishing equipment and be able to use them; - know the location of the first aid kit and be able to provide first aid to the victim; — know the procedure to follow in the event of an emergency; — use protective equipment, tools and equipment for their intended purpose during work in accordance with the manufacturer’s instructions. 1.4. When working with emery, the employee must undergo: - repeated instructions on labor protection in the workplace at least once every 6 months; — periodic medical examination in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation; — regular testing of knowledge of labor protection requirements at least once a year. 1.5. Unscheduled instruction on labor protection is carried out to the employee by the immediate supervisor: - when new or amended legislative and other regulatory legal acts containing labor protection requirements, as well as labor protection instructions are introduced; — when changing technological processes, replacing or upgrading equipment and other factors affecting labor safety; — in case of violation of labor protection requirements, if these violations created a real threat of serious consequences (industrial accident, accident, etc.); — at the request of officials of state supervision and control bodies; - during breaks in work (for work with harmful and (or) dangerous conditions - more than 30 calendar days, and for other work - no more than two months); - by decision of the employer or his authorized person. 1.6. The employee is obliged to perform only the work that is assigned by the immediate supervisor of the work. It is not allowed to entrust your work to other employees and allow unauthorized persons into the workplace. 1.7. While working, be attentive, do not be distracted by extraneous matters or conversations, and do not distract other workers. 1.8. When working together with other employees, it is necessary to coordinate your mutual actions. 1.9. In the process of working with emery, an employee may be negatively affected by the following dangerous and harmful production factors: - moving machines and mechanisms, moving parts of production equipment, unguarded, moving or rotating elements; - increased voltage in an electrical circuit, the closure of which can occur through the human body; — sharp edges, burrs and roughness of the surfaces of tools, equipment and devices and containers; — increased dust content in the air of the working area; — increased noise level in the workplace; — increased or decreased air temperature in the working area; — insufficient illumination of the working area; - physical overload. 1.10. The employee must be provided with personal protective equipment in accordance with the current Standards for the issuance of special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment (PPE), developed on the basis of cross-industry and sectoral rules for providing workers with special clothing, special footwear and other personal protective equipment. 1.11. Issued special clothing, special shoes and other personal protective equipment must correspond to the nature and conditions of work, ensure labor safety, and have a certificate of conformity or declaration. 1.12. Personal protective equipment for which there is no technical documentation, as well as with an expired shelf life, are not allowed for use. 1.13. It is prohibited to use workwear and other personal protective equipment for purposes other than the main work. 1.14. Personal clothing and workwear must be stored separately in lockers and a dressing room. It is prohibited to take protective clothing outside the enterprise. 1.15. The employee must know and observe the rules of personal hygiene. Eat, smoke, and rest only in specially designated rooms and places. Drink water only from specially designed installations. 1.16. It is prohibited to drink alcohol and appear at work while drunk, under the influence of drugs or toxic substances. 1.17. The employee is obliged to immediately notify his immediate or superior work manager about any situation that threatens the life and health of people, about every accident that occurs at work, or about a deterioration in his health, including the appearance of an acute occupational disease (poisoning), as well as all noticed malfunctions of equipment and devices. 1.18. The requirements of these labor safety instructions are mandatory when working with emery. Failure to comply with these requirements is considered a violation of labor discipline and entails liability in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS BEFORE STARTING WORK

2.1. Check the serviceability of work clothes, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment for the absence of external damage. Overalls must be of the appropriate size, clean and not restrict movement. 2.2. Wear protective clothing and personal protective equipment appropriate for the work being performed. Overalls must be fastened, and dangling ends are not allowed. Tuck your hair under your headdress. It is prohibited to pin protective clothing with pins or needles, or to keep sharp or breakable objects in your pockets. 2.3. Receive an assignment from your immediate supervisor to perform the work, and, if necessary, undergo training. 2.4. Check the operation of local exhaust ventilation, air showering and the provision of the workplace with the necessary equipment, tools, fixtures and tools for work. 2.5. Prepare the workplace for safe work: - check that there is sufficient lighting in the work area; — check approaches to the workplace and evacuation routes for compliance with labor protection requirements; — check the availability of fire-fighting equipment and first aid kits; — check the condition of the floors (absence of potholes, unevenness, slipperiness, open ladders, open unguarded hatches, wells). 2.6. Select and obtain from the official responsible for the safety and serviceability of power tools the tools and accessories necessary to perform this work and make sure that they are complete and in good working order. 2.7. Before starting work with emery, you must: — check the completeness and reliability of fastening of the parts; — make sure by external inspection that the cable, its protective tube and plug are in good condition, the insulating parts of the case, the handle and brush holder covers, and protective covers are intact; — check the operation of the power tool or machine at idle speed; — check the serviceability of the gearbox (check the rotation of the tool spindle with the engine turned off); — check the serviceability of the grounding circuit between the tool body and the grounding contact of the plug (only for class I tools); — check the compliance of the voltage and frequency in the electrical network with the voltage and frequency of the electric motor of the power tool indicated on its nameplate; — check the presence of plates with inventory numbers and the dates of the next verifications on the housings of the power tool and its auxiliary equipment, and on the step-down and isolation transformers - the inventory numbers and dates of the next insulation resistance measurements. 2.8. It is not allowed to use power tools that have defects and have not passed periodic inspections (tests). 2.9. Check the serviceability of the working tool. There should be no cracks, potholes, burrs or nicks on it. 2.10. Unauthorized work is not allowed, as well as expansion of the workplace and scope of the task. 2.11. The employee must personally ensure that all measures necessary to ensure safety are completed. 2.12. Report all detected malfunctions and malfunctions to your immediate supervisor and begin work only after they have been eliminated.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS DURING WORK

3.1. Submit to internal labor regulations and other documents regulating labor discipline issues. 3.2. Comply with sanitary and hygienic requirements. 3.3. Correctly use workwear, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment. 3.4. Do not allow untrained or unauthorized persons to perform your work. The presence of unauthorized persons in the working space of the equipment during work is not allowed. 3.5. While working, you should be attentive, not be distracted from performing your duties and not distract other workers. 3.6. An employee who is ill or overtired, as well as under the influence of alcohol, drugs or medications that dull attention and reaction, should not start work, as this may lead to an accident. 3.7. During work, you need to behave calmly and with restraint, avoid conflict situations that can cause nervous and emotional tension and affect work safety. 3.8. Comply with the requirements ensuring safe working conditions and normal operation of the technological process. 3.9. Use serviceable equipment, tools, and devices necessary for safe work; use them only for the work for which they are intended. 3.10. When working with circles intended for working with side end surfaces: 3.10.1. Mutual flanges must not touch the tool or fixture being sharpened. 3.10.2. Dress the abrasive wheel only with diamonds, diamond metal pencils or diamond substitutes. 3.10.3. Diamond and metal dust that did not get into the local suction should be removed from the machine with a special sweeping brush or scraper. Doing this work with your hands is strictly prohibited. 3.10.4. When processing parts, it is prohibited to use levers to increase pressure on the wheel. 3.10.5. Protect the circle from impacts and jolts. 3.11. To protect your eyes, wear safety glasses with safety glasses or use a face shield. 3.12. Do not use mittens when sharpening to avoid getting caught in the rotating wheel or spindle. 3.13. When sharpening short and small parts, use a special holder in which to securely secure the workpiece. 3.14. When sharpening, do not bring the tool to the circle quickly, with a push, but press it gradually and move it along the tool rest across the entire width of the circle. When working, stand on the side of the rotating circle. 3.15. Stop work and turn off the machine if abnormal operation is detected: vibration of the wheel, cracks on it, loosening of the casing or tool rest at the fastening points, overheating of the bearing. If such malfunctions are detected, turn off the sanding machine and hang a warning sign on it: “Do not turn on - the machine is faulty” and report this to your supervisor. 3.16. Keep your work area clean. 3.17. Do not clutter the workplace, passages to it and between equipment, tables, racks, passages to control panels, switches, evacuation routes and other passages with empty containers, equipment, and excess food supplies. 3.18. Work only in proper working clothes and safety shoes. 3.19. Work with guards and other devices ensuring labor safety in place and in good working order, with sufficient lighting. 3.20. Do not touch moving mechanisms or live parts of equipment. 3.21. Place foreign objects and tools at a safe distance from moving mechanisms. 3.22. Avoid getting hands and other parts of the body into the work surface area. 3.23. Place used rags in a metal box. 3.24. The emery must have blocking devices that prevent the machine from being turned on when the exhaust ventilation is turned off, as well as when funnels and guard covers are removed and open. 3.25. Do not use random objects (boxes, boxes, etc.), equipment or devices for sitting. 3.26. Do not smoke or eat in the workplace. 3.27. Observe the rules of behavior on the territory of the enterprise, in production, auxiliary and household premises. 3.28. If you feel unwell, stop working, notify your supervisor and consult a doctor.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS IN EMERGENCIES

4.1. If any problems occur that threaten an accident at the workplace, stop work and disconnect the equipment from the power supply; report to the manager; act in accordance with the instructions received. 4.2. If malfunctions of the tools or equipment used are detected during work, work should be stopped immediately and reported to your immediate supervisor. It is not permitted to continue working using faulty tools or equipment. 4.3. When eliminating an emergency situation, it is necessary to act in accordance with the approved emergency response plan. 4.4. If there is knocking, vibration, change in characteristic noise, overheating of the cutting tool, bearings, a smell of burning or smoke, or breakage of saw teeth, stop the machine immediately. 4.5. If any malfunctions specified in the manufacturer's operating instructions occur, stop the equipment immediately. 4.6. If violations of labor protection requirements are detected that pose a threat to health or personal safety, you should contact your manager and inform him about it; Until the threat is eliminated, you should stop working and leave the danger area. 4.7. If voltage is detected on metal parts of the equipment (feeling of electric current), it is necessary to disconnect the equipment from the network and report to your supervisor. 4.8. Immediately disconnect the equipment from the power supply in the following cases: - strong heating of electrical wires, electrical equipment, sparking; — the grounding wire is broken; - when an electric current is detected on the machine body; - during a power outage. 4.9. It is prohibited to use water and foam fire extinguishers to extinguish live electrical wiring and equipment, since foam is a good conductor of electric current. Carbon dioxide and powder fire extinguishers are used for these purposes. 4.10. If smoke is detected and a fire occurs, immediately declare a fire alarm, take measures to extinguish the fire using available primary fire extinguishing equipment, and notify your supervisor. If necessary, call the fire brigade by calling 101 or 112. 4.11. In conditions of smoke and fire in the room, move along the walls, bending or crawling; To make breathing easier, cover your mouth and nose with a handkerchief (cloth) moistened with water; move through the flames, covering your head with outer clothing or a blanket, if possible, douse yourself with water, tear off or extinguish the clothes that are on fire. 4.12. In the event of an accident, immediately release the victim from the traumatic factor, observing your own safety, provide first aid to the victim, if necessary, call an ambulance by calling 103 or 112. If possible, preserve the situation in which the accident occurred, if this does not threaten life and health surrounding people to investigate the causes of the accident, or record it in a photo or video. Notify your supervisor and occupational safety specialist. 4.13. In the event of a deterioration in health, pain in the eyes, a sharp deterioration in visibility - the inability to focus or bring it into focus, pain in the fingers and hands, increased heart rate, immediately leave the workplace, report the incident to your supervisor and contact a medical facility.

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AFTER WORK COMPLETION

5.1. Turn off the machine, disconnect it from the power supply, remove the parts to be sharpened. 5.2. Wipe the machine and lubricate the rubbing parts when the machine is not running. 5.3. Tidy up the workplace; Place tools, equipment, and equipment in designated areas. 5.4. Do not clean up garbage and waste directly with your hands; use brushes, dustpans and other devices for these purposes. 5.5. Take off workwear, safety shoes and other personal protective equipment, inspect, put in order and put in the designated storage place, if necessary, hand in for washing and/or repair. 5.6. Wash your hands and face with warm water and soap, and take a shower. It is forbidden to wash your hands with kerosene, gasoline, or oil. 5.7. Inform your supervisor about all violations and comments identified during the work process and the measures taken to eliminate them.

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