The idea of drilling a well yourself and then using the water is interesting in itself. There is a risk of wasting a lot of effort and money, the process of drilling a well is so complicated. But we will not dissuade you - everyone has their own reasons for such a decision, and modern technologies allow you to count on a positive result when drilling with your own hands with the participation of minimal forces. We'll talk about this in the article.
Types of wells
Before you begin, you need to select the appropriate type of well. Depending on how deep the water layer lies, there are three main types of penetrations :
- Abyssinian well.
- Filter well.
- Artesian well.
Now let’s look at the features of each development. The Abyssinian well is a simplified version of drilling that can be drilled almost anywhere. A significant disadvantage of such a well is the relatively low quality of water. More often it is used for watering or other similar needs. This water is not suitable for human consumption or can only be used after multi-level purification. This is due to the fact that waters lying at shallow depths are fed by sediments and contain harmful impurities.
Regardless of the type of well, the presence of a pump is mandatory Source Abyssinianwell.rf
To prepare an Abyssinian well, which is often called a needle well, driving technology is more often used, which cannot be used for work on other types of penetrations. If you have the necessary equipment and assistants, the work on making such a well can be completed within one day.
Before drilling a well with your own hands, it is recommended to calculate in advance exactly how much water is needed. For example, if you need to provide a house, a bathhouse, or other outbuildings, it is better to opt for a filter well - its flow rate is sufficient, and drilling such a hole is relatively simple. The depth of the water layers in this case is from 20 to 30 meters.
Artesian springs are called the best option - they do not silt, since the water is contained in rock cracks, does not contain harmful impurities, does not require filtration and is completely drinkable. Its only drawback is the depth of the water, which can range from 30 to 100 meters or more. Probably, almost everyone is now thinking about how to drill a well under water with their own hands, given such a significant depth. Unfortunately, no way, this type of well is given here only as an example; it is impossible to get to artesian waters using artisanal methods.
Artesian well Source stroybur33.rf
Selecting a location
The choice of location for arranging the source is determined based on the characteristics of your site. So, the depth of groundwater is taken into account. For the Abyssinian, the limit stops at 7–8 meters. The quality of the liquid also influences the choice. This source is located in a dangerous place where hazardous waste sometimes penetrates. Therefore, there should be no sewage pits, farms, etc. nearby.
Advice : for safety reasons, it is recommended to take the resulting water to the appropriate authority for analysis.
It is good if the chosen place has soft soil. If possible, it is better to immerse the needle inside the house, because this place is protected from heavy rainfall.
To ensure the presence of liquid, there must be springs, springs, wells and other sources in your area within a half-kilometer area. Focus on the growth of moisture-loving plants, such as coltsfoot, burdock, reed, and nettle.
Where can't you drill?
It is not recommended to drive a needle on slopes or cliffs. These actions can trigger landslides. It is not allowed to drill near a poultry house, barn, compost pit and similar structures; the distance should be at least 15 m. It is also unacceptable to drill closer than 300 meters from a cemetery or poultry farm. There should be a distance of 3.5 km from the city dump.
Checking for water
Having determined a place with good drinking water, you need to find out its volume. If you install an Abyssinian well on quicksand, there is a risk of receiving liquid in a small volume. This can be checked using a tester. It is lowered into the shaft on a cord.
Water quality - GOSTs and SNiPs
During initial pumping, the liquid will be cloudy. Depending on the condition of the soil, potable water will flow out after a day. When it comes to the quality of liquid from various sources, you need to focus on GOSTs, for example 2874, 24902, 17.1.3.03 and others. There are also standards, for example SNiP 4630.
Homemade methods
For drilling, specialists use specialized drilling rigs that allow them to reach waters located at significant depths in just a few hours. However, even in the absence of special practical skills and expensive equipment, it is quite possible to provide your home and farmstead with sufficiently clean drinking water.
Of course, this is possible if you approach the issue with sense, feeling, and alignment. So, how to drill a water well with your own hands - let’s try to consider the issue in detail. There are several basic handicraft methods, which can be dealt with if you have the skills. Let's look at each of them in more detail.
You should choose the most suitable method Source solnstroy.ru
See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in engineering systems.
Shock-rope method
To drill using the percussion-rope method, you should prepare in advance the tool required in this case - a bailer, which is a piece of pipe with a sharp edge and a valve. Creating a tunnel using this method takes a lot of time, but with its help it is quite possible to make a shaft 30 meters deep or more. The following provides detailed instructions on how to make a water well with your own hands using the above method :
- To simplify the work, it is first recommended to make a small hole using a regular household drill.
- A tripod equipped with a block is placed above the hole prepared in the above-mentioned manner.
- Using a block, a cable is installed, additionally equipped with a bailer.
- A bailer is dropped into the one prepared using a garden drill, having previously set it to a height of at least 1.5 meters. The process of drilling a well in this case is based on the following principle: the pointed edge of the bailer loosens the soil, which is captured using a valve.
- Before the device is pulled out of the shaft, it is necessary to make several strong blows; this measure will help to capture as much soil as possible and somewhat speed up the work process.
- As the depth of the mine increases, it is necessary to lower the casing into it, which will prevent possible destruction of the walls of the well.
Drilling with a bailer Source stroy-podskazka.ru
Before you make a 10-meter water well with your own hands using a bailer, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with a number of useful tips. One of the most important: in the process of making a penetration, it is necessary to go through the first layer and go deeper to obtain water from the second aquifer. Despite the fact that the overall operating life will be significantly increased, this measure will provide much cleaner water.
The percussion drilling method also allows the use of a device similar to a bailer, namely a driving glass. Unlike the first option, this device is not equipped with a valve. This is due to the fact that the glass is used primarily for drilling a well on viscous soils, for example, when passing through loamy soils, which are naturally held in the container without the need for a valve device.
Before drilling a water well yourself, it is recommended to prepare the two devices presented above. Their integrated use will significantly speed up the process of passing the mine, regardless of the type of soil.
Necessary tools, including a driving glass Source studfiles.net
See also: Catalog of companies that specialize in the design and construction of small forms.
Rotary method
The rotary method should not be considered as a makeshift method, since its use involves the use of specialized equipment. However, before drilling a well, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with this technique.
The rotary method is more often used by professional drillers when work is planned on rocks. To use it in practice, you need a drilling rig equipped with a rotor. It is almost impossible to produce such equipment in artisanal conditions.
The process of passing through the shaft is carried out by means of a drill, the rotation of which occurs as a result of the operation of the motor. In this case, the rotor itself acts as a driving moment, rotating a tool located in the deep layers of the mine. In addition to the drilling rig itself, the method requires the use of additional tools for flushing the penetration.
Rotary method Source mircyber.ru
Cluster drilling
The method bears this name because the finished pattern of mouths and faces resembles a kind of bush.
Wells from several faces, grouped on one site, converge at one mouth. In the case of this method, installation and preparatory work is significantly reduced, the number of working transport communications, power lines and water supplies is reduced. A special feature of the cluster method is a certain condition for constructing a well. In particular, the most important condition is that the trunks do not intersect each other.
Disadvantages of this method:
- It is required to stop the operation of wells until the completion of construction of a certain structure for fire safety purposes.
- High risk of crossing the completed glasses.
- A major overhaul of such a structure is quite complicated.
- When drilling underwater, it is difficult to eliminate griffins.
Cluster drilling is used in cases where it is necessary to increase oil and gas recovery in a productive area, or when restarting an idle well. Well construction using the cluster method can be three-barrel, double-barrel parallel, double-barrel sequential.
The design of the bush has a conical appearance with the top in the form of a well platform. The volume of installation and preparatory work depends on the location of the mouth of the bush, and the area of the territory for future alienation from the bush also depends on this. The maximum efficiency of this drilling method is achieved in swampy areas.
Video description
For a clear overview of rotary well drilling, watch the video:
Drilling a needle hole
If the question is how to drill a well for water, which is supposed to be used for drinking, but after cleaning, it is better to choose an Abyssinian well. If layers of water are located in close proximity to the surface, you can make such a well using simple available tools in just a few hours.
The drilling process is carried out according to the following algorithm:
- First of all, it is necessary to drill a hole in the soil layers, the diameter of which should not exceed 8 cm. Drilling must be carried out until the quicksand passes. For this, narrow screws are used, which need to be expanded as needed.
- Next, a labor is installed in the finished shaft, additionally equipped with a pointed tip.
- Using a pipe, the soil is driven in until it reaches the aquifer.
Needle well - a simplified method of water extraction Source vodaklep.ru
Is the water deep in your area?
First, you need to decide on the type of well, finding out how deep the aquifer lies in a particular area. There are several possibilities for this:
- hydrological maps;
- exploration drilling;
- survey of neighbors.
The first, as well as consultations with a hydrological engineer, can be obtained from the relevant departments. Exploratory drilling work is resorted to only as a last resort, since it is an expensive pleasure. Most often, site owners simply ask their neighbors, who are already happy owners of an existing water well or well, about the characteristics of the property.
Read more on this issue in the article: How to find water for a well - an overview of 5 search methods + the dowsing method in detail.
Tips and tricks
For those who are serious about creating a well on their own, the following tips and recommendations will be useful::
- To ensure that the water is always clean and fresh, it is recommended to equip the well in such a way as to ensure air circulation.
- Before using water from a well for daily needs, it is recommended that it be analyzed. As a rule, when the water quality is low, it is necessary to select a suitable filter.
- And finally, you should take water for analysis of composition and domestic needs no earlier than a few days after completion of work, otherwise the results may be unreliable.
Before using a well, it is important to equip it with a filter Source tagbur.ru
