What are the requirements for the location of wells on the site?

Why do you need to maintain the distance from the well to a residential building and other objects?

The well is the source of water for the house. The quality of drinking water must meet sanitary standards. Drinking low-quality water can cause serious harm to health. Sanitary regulations make the risk of contamination minimal.

SanPiN specifies the requirements for the distance of the well from the house and other objects. What risks arise if you do not maintain the specified distance:

• Getting viruses and bacteria into drinking water.
• Contamination of liquid with mineral fertilizers.
• Ingress of organic waste into the aquifer.
• Flooding of the foundation of a house and outbuildings.
• Damage to pipes and cables by growing tree roots.

The water supply system can be a source of danger. If errors are made during installation of equipment, there is a risk of flooding of the area. The distance from the well to the house protects the foundation from possible flooding and erosion.

Content

1. Main standards for a cesspool
2. Requirements for a cesspool in a private house based on distance from various types of objects
3. How to properly plan a place for organizing a waste tank
4. Common planning mistakes and potential consequences

A cesspool is a temporary place to collect all the wastewater from a private home.
The waste is kept in the pit until the sewer truck arrives, which will pump it out and take it away for disposal. Since emptying occurs once every few weeks, site owners may experience problems. One of the main ones is an unpleasant odor. Siltation and disruption of the integrity of the walls are also common. The last trouble is the most serious, because wastewater can leak into clean water.

Toxic waste poisons the soil and aquifers, and can cause outbreaks of gastrointestinal diseases. To compensate for potential damage, you need to comply with sanitary standards and clearly understand at what distance to make a drainage hole.

There are several requirements regarding choosing a place to start excavation work. Let's look at them in more detail.

Table with distances from the well to the house and other objects

The standards in force in 2021 are shown in the following table:

The above standards apply not only within one area. For example, if a septic tank is installed on a neighbor’s property, the distance from it to the well should not be less than 30 meters. If the selected location does not meet the standards, problems may arise with the preparation of documents for the source.

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Figure 1: Distance from the well to other objects on the site

Responsibility for non-compliance with SNiP

Drilling and arrangement of a well in a suburban area must comply with all building codes and legislative sanitary rules.

The issue is especially acute in relation to cesspools, which require careful and specific care. Any type of sewage pit or septic tank must be cleaned with a sterilizing mixture. The cleaning solution contains acids and other components. All sewage is first pumped out using a vacuum cleaner.

If violations of sanitary rules are noted, a fine is issued, and if the instructions are systematically not followed, a court order may be issued to completely remove the source, cesspool or septic tank from the site.

Experts note that if you drill and equip the source correctly, find suitable equipment and maintain it, the operational life reaches 50 years or more.

How much space is required to accommodate a drilling rig?

We use URB-2A2 drilling rigs based on ZIL trucks. The width of the drilling machine is 2.5 m, length 8.7 m. Additional space around the drilling machine is required for work.

To develop the artesian horizon, a minimum of 4 * 9 meters of area is required. There should be no electrical or telegraph wires above the selected point. The height of the drilling machine mast is 4 meters when folded and 8.4 meters when in working condition.

The drilling machine can only enter the site through a wide gate. Entry width: from 3 m. It is worth considering the trajectory of the car along the site. Check whether she can drive to the point chosen for the well. Will green spaces and landscape design elements be damaged upon entry?

Auxiliary vehicles are also sent to the site: a truck with materials and tools, a mobile change house for the team. These vehicles may remain outside the territory.

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Figure 2: What space is needed for the drilling rig to move in?

Features of the structure

Choosing a place for a well, in principle, is not very difficult if you have a plan for developing a summer cottage. This will be especially important for those who are just starting to equip their dacha. If the house is still just under construction, then you can safely dig a well, which it was decided to organize inside the building. Moreover, the construction of buildings will require water, so the construction of a water source will be very important precisely in the first stages of landscaping a suburban area.

If the foundation has already been poured, then in this case you can also dig a well shaft inside. Although there is no problem doing this with an already erected house. Simply, the more free and open space, the easier it is to excavate soil.

It should also be taken into account that a well inside a building is a loss in the usable area of ​​the house. If the total area is large, then there will be no problems. But in small buildings, where every square meter counts, it is better to abandon such an idea. You can also dig a well in the basement, if one is provided for in the house design. The well shaft will have to be cleaned regularly, and sometimes repaired - this is the installation of a block for cleaning, dirt and debris, so the space around the well should be easy to clean, and the finishing materials should be resistant to moisture.

As for the well near the foundation or in any other place, this is the easiest. The matter can only be complicated by the presence of large trees, the roots of which have an extensive network. Therefore, it is worth taking into account even such seemingly not the most stringent requirements and conditions.

Well inside the house

But, as practice shows, shallow wells will create the most trouble. This primarily indicates that the aquifer lies very close to the surface of the earth. When digging a mine, water rises from the horizon by 1.5-2 m, filling the reservoir. That is, its location becomes even higher. And if the construction of the mine and the formation of the shaft are carried out incorrectly, then there is a high probability that, seeping through the walls of the lining of the mine walls, water will begin to wash away the foundation itself. And this is already big trouble.

Therefore, it is very important to take care of sealing the shaft of the well structure. Especially if it is finished with wood, stone or brick. In this regard, reinforced concrete rings guarantee maximum tightness.

So, the distance from the well to the house and other buildings on the dacha plot is a very important value. From all of the above, we can conclude that most often this indicator affects both the purity of the water in the well and the technical condition of the house, primarily the foundation.

What to do if there is no room for large drilling equipment?

In small areas it can be difficult to place the URB-2A2 drilling machine. If entry of a drilling machine is impossible without serious damage, a small-sized installation can be used. We use compact drilling machines MOZBT M4. Dimensions of special equipment: 5.2 * 1.5 m, which is comparable to the dimensions of a car.

Prices for drilling with a small-sized drilling rig can be found here.

Using a small-sized installation, you can drill to a depth of 160 m. After work, the landscape design is preserved. The equipment easily enters the site and maneuvers within its territory. A team of two people is enough to operate the drilling rig.

Instead of wheels, the MOZBT M4 has a chassis. Thanks to the chassis, the weight of the machine is distributed more evenly. After driving and parking the drilling machine, the lawn is quickly restored. It does not cause damage to garden paths. When ordering a small-sized installation, the price per 1 m of well increases slightly (by 200-300 rubles).

Figure 3: What place is needed for MGBU check-in?

Approval of a new water-bearing well

Before starting work, you need to agree on the well design. Main stages of approval:

1. Collection of cadastral documents for the area where the work is being carried out.
2. Calculation of the level of consumption of natural resources.
3. Approval of the project by Rospotrebnadzor.
4. Drawing up a conclusion on the feasibility of design.
5. Drawing up a design for a hydraulic structure.
6. Carrying out drilling operations.
7. Chemical analysis of liquid.
8. Preparation of a source technical certificate.
9. Registration of the building for cadastral registration.

Our company helps collect documents and carry out approvals. We do turnkey work. All you have to do is set a task: choose the type of horizon and casing material. Our company will solve the remaining issues. You will receive a working water supply system without unnecessary problems.

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How to choose a drilling site?

An artesian source can be drilled at any convenient point, taking into account the given standards. Artesian horizons are continuous throughout the entire area of ​​Moscow and the Moscow region. You can get the result by starting the dive at any arbitrary point.

The situation is more complicated when choosing a location for a sand well. Water reserves in shallow sand are distributed extremely unevenly. In some areas they are almost completely absent. What signs can be used to determine the presence of a water lens in sand:

• The site is located next to a river, lake or pond.
• There are wells and sand wells in neighboring areas.
• There are plants on the property that prefer moist soils.
• Condensation forms on the surface of the earth in the morning.

The source should not be located in a low area. This arrangement will lead to the accumulation of groundwater near the mouth. Although we install sealed pipes and caissons, there is no need to increase the possible risks.

Services of dowsers and geophysicists

Finding a place to drill a water well often begins with inviting dowsers to search for water. These people take 2 bent electrodes in both hands and walk around the area. At this time, the twigs converge or diverge, which indicates the presence or absence of water in a given place. The process always ends with a payment of 2000 - 3000 rubles into the search engine’s pocket. To make it official, this action was called dowsing, and the bent electrodes were called frames for searching for water.

• Everything would be nice, but such figures do not want to take responsibility for their work, which only confirms the reality of this whole idea.

In addition to unscientific nonsense, there are very real geophysical methods that allow you to determine where to drill a water well on a site. The methods of spectral seismic exploration (SSP) and resonant acoustic profiling (RAP) have become widespread. In theory, these techniques should help find the optimal point, but in practice everything is not so simple. Often, in a place where there should be water nearby, there is none. However, geophysical organizations, unlike dowsers, can be held liable for poor quality surveys.

In reality, geophysical work must be carried out in difficult geological conditions and on areas of at least 10 acres. In the Moscow region such research is not needed ; you can choose any place on your site.

Answers to popular questions

Is it legal to place a well in a basement?

Regulations do not prohibit drilling in the basement. But such wells cause a lot of inconvenience. They can only be drilled before the house is built. Repairing and eliminating sources poses serious difficulties. A drilling machine is needed for plugging, but it will not be able to return to its original point.

Why can't you drill a source next to the fence?

The distance from the well to the fence must be at least 3 meters. This rule was introduced to protect neighboring areas from sudden flooding. Even if you are drilling a common source, you should not place it too close to the fence. In addition, the operation of special equipment at the border may cause dissatisfaction among residents of the neighboring area.