Welding specialists
Specialists organize and control the production of welding structures. They study the design work with production and technological documentation for welding, study the diagram of welded products, and determine special conditions for performing welding work according to production and technological documents. Employees determine the types of welding materials to complete the task, provide the workshop with qualified personnel, and provide instructions on labor safety at the work site. Due to the complex, dangerous work, they must obtain a permit in order to perform electric welding and surfacing work.
Labor protection for electric welding activities
Such instructions depend on the types of work that exist in production. If an enterprise has several production areas, then for each of them there must be an approved labor protection document.
The employee is familiarized with the relevant form of instructions before starting work related to the position.
The fact of familiarization is recorded in the registration log. An appropriate entry is made in it, which is signed by the person who completed the instruction and the one who conducted it.
The Instruction itself is drawn up and approved legally. It contains the visas of all relevant officials.
Documentation on labor protection in the field of welding work should consist of:
Requirements:
- For permission to perform work
- To undergo relevant medical examinations (their frequency and timing)
- For industrial clothing and footwear, taking into account the season and location of welding
- To conduct introductory briefings
Information about:
- List of situations and cases prohibiting welding operations
- Determining the nature of the work in accordance with the stage of the welding process.
Also, labor safety documents provide accurate information about the safety of welding metals (or other materials) in accordance with the specifics of the enterprise’s production activities.
All this is done in order to prevent emergency and dangerous incidents at work.
Types of welder certification
Everyone working in the field of electric welding is required by law to undergo inspections as part of the rules for the certification of welders. Only after successfully passing the exams do they have the right to carry out work in their field. The work remains under the control of Russian technical supervision. Welding technology certification is divided into categories. Below you can see the certification types that people receive in any production.
Primary
Primary certification of welders is a procedure carried out by welders who have not previously had a permit.
Extraordinary
When studying information about which certification of a welder is considered extraordinary, you need to know that welders undergo it before being allowed to perform electric welding work after temporary suspension from work in case of violation of welding technology or repeated cases of poor-quality execution of electric welding connections.
Additional
People who wish to expand the work list of the certification card may obtain additional permission. Employees who have a break in their work related to their job responsibilities can also obtain permission.
Periodic
A periodic type of special inspection for welders is carried out in order to extend the period of operation of the document for work. Masters undergo a knowledge test according to the current Rules, which were approved by the country's supervision in the field of technology in 2000 (PB 03-273-99).
Job and work instructions for welding work in production
A job description is one of the key documents in production. Familiarization with this document is carried out when an employee takes office, or when the employee moves to another field of activity.
One way or another, this happens before they take on new job responsibilities and begin work. The fact that the employee is familiar with the work instructions is documented by means of a signature.
Job descriptions regulate the rights and responsibilities of the employee. It also contains a list of actions for which legal liability is provided and types of liability in accordance with the violation.
These documents, regardless of the category of welding specialties, are approved by the management of the organization. This may be the immediate supervisor or a person replacing him.
The Instruction should consist of basic information blocks, such as:
- "General provisions". This block contains a list of requirements for the employee’s qualifications, the procedure for appointment to a proposed position or dismissal from a position, as well as requirements for direct management of this position.
- "Must know". This block contains information necessary for masters of the corresponding position of the rank.
- "Functional responsibilities". A block in which direct work responsibilities are indicated.
- "Rights". Block on employee rights.
- "Responsibility". A block about violations and the penalties prescribed for them.
Working hours form. Work instructions are approved in accordance with all areas of work available in the organization. According to the law, there is no standard form or list of conditions required to be included in the Instructions.
This gives the entrepreneur the right to independently establish the provisions of the work instructions, in accordance with the specifics of the activity.
However, there is still a limitation. In drawing up these documents, it is necessary to rely on certain provisions established by regulatory enactments.
An employee's rights must not violate the general provisions of the Labor Code. The knowledge block must comply with ETKS. Each section of the instructions has its own general legal act.
Certification of welding production specialists: what is it and what is it for (PB 03-273-99)
Inspection of production workers according to PB 03-273-99 is a procedure during which a set of mandatory documents is issued. Upon their issuance, welders have the opportunity to work at any hazardous special production facility. Uncertified employees cannot be allowed to work. This is specified in the rules for certification of welders and welding production specialists.
How to check the authenticity of a document? Anyone can check the documents to see if the facts are true. Read about how to do this in our article - How to check your NAKS certificate using the register of welders - find yourself by last name on the official website.
As a rule, certification is valid from 2 to 5 years (for welders - 2 years, for specialists of levels 2 and 3 - 3 years, for holders of level 4 - 5 years), and then re-certification is required. The authenticity of the certification certificate can be checked at NAKS. The welder's certification protocol is entered into the state register.
The nuances of employment as a welder
In accordance with the Labor Code of the Russian Federation (Article 92), the working hours for welders in the category “manual electric welder” should be no more than 36 hours. This is a weekly figure.
And in accordance with Article 117 of the Labor Code, workers in this welding profession are additionally provided with a vacation of at least seven days. This leave is paid and granted once each year.
Scope of certification
The certification document covers those areas in which knowledge was tested. This is indicated in the rules for certification of welders. The permission can be used to work with different equipment. The document is required for working with boiler, gas, oil and gas production, metallurgical, and special handling equipment. Workers who managed to pass a special test and received a certificate have the right to work with petrochemical, oil refining, explosion-hazardous, and chemical production equipment. They can work with mining and hazardous cargo transportation equipment. They have the right to work with special construction structures and special equipment for steel bridges.
Here is the full list of groups:
The document must contain information about:
- welded method, accessible to a production employee;
- the nature of the work process;
- a group with a brand of special materials that a person can use in electric welding;
- special welding material that can be used in work;
- range of diameters and thicknesses of materials that the welder can work with;
- type of weld, type of special connection available for work;
- edge-cut coal, which a person can use to weld metal;
- mandatory working position of a production employee during welding;
- type of electrode coating
Certification of welders at enterprises and organizations allows them to carry out electric welding of pipes, pipes with sheets, etc. It gives them the right to work with butt and fillet welds.
With the certificate, a specialist can weld and fuse electrodes with a diameter of 1.6 mm with an acidic, rutile, or rutile-acid coating. The certification document (certificate) allows for electric and gas welding or surfacing of parts in a lower, horizontal, ceiling, vertical, inclined spatial position.
It can use four types of connections to operate. According to the standard, connections are made on one side, without using a lining, on a removable or remaining lining, made on several sides, with or without root seam stripping. A butt weld is used in a special butt joint. Fillet welds are used in corner, T-joint, and special lap joints.
Comparison of labor legislation for welders in Belarus
From the point of view of regulatory documents, employment regulation for welders in Belarus coincides with the standards listed in this article. The second edition of ETKS is also in effect here. Drawing up documentation on labor protection is also similar.
Certification is carried out by government agencies or private structures. The Labor Code of Belarus similarly provides for preferential pensions for welders.
The working week, vacation dates and working conditions also have similar parameters. Only the regulations in which all these laws are spelled out differ.
Procedure for certification of welding production specialists
The procedure for issuing a permit for electric welding work is as follows:
- The specialist sends the application to the certification service, attaching additional documents;
- Then the service checks the documents and begins the exam. The test begins with a practical test (if not passed, the welder can later pass the test, doing this no earlier than thirty days later).
- The third step is a mandatory one with an additional exam in writing or on a computer. The first test contains 20 mandatory questions and 15 optional questions. Topics are selected with the help of a specially assembled commission. They are compiled from a collection of topics. If a person was able to answer 80% of the topics correctly, then the state exam ends successfully.
- If the practical and theoretical exams are successfully passed, the commission will issue a protocol separately for the person for each welding. A conclusion with other documents responsible for quality control of welding joints will remain attached to the protocol.
The last step will be to obtain an electric welding certificate within the framework of the state example. The cover of a state standard document is made in a blue and red cover (for level 1 welders there is a blue frame, and for level 2-4 specialists there is a red frame).
Attestation process
Before confirming qualifications, the employee undergoes training and testing of knowledge on industrial safety at work. He provides the exam result to the center department. The qualification confirmation procedure includes several state exams: a single one with additional testing and practice. Employees with additional education in the production field with repairs and installation of materials from special polymer materials. They are exempt from the exam. During the certification process for management law with special technical control of electric welding work, employees pass the exam.
Simultaneous certification of employees of electric welding special production is permitted no more than within three groups of special technical facilities. Employees for the new group of technical devices take a special purpose exam.
Exam
At the first exam, the certified employee asks at least thirty questions to the certified employee, and at the additional exam, at least twenty questions and tasks in the field of industrial work. Examinations are conducted in written form. As part of the decision of the special commission accepting the exam, the certified person may receive an interview. An employee passes the mandatory exam if he answers most of the questions and successfully completes the practice assignment, taking into account an additional interview.
If an employee is certified for several working types, for example, electric arc welding or arc electric welding, the ticket for passing state exams must contain at least five topics about a special welding method. During qualification confirmation for site welding, which are classified as unsafe special technical devices, the specialist receives a specific series of tests to pass tests within each group of dangerous technical devices. The ticket must contain five questions in the group of special technical devices.
Retake
If an employee fails to pass one or more state exams, he will retake the failed tests within six months, but not earlier than a month from the first test. The date for the examination retake is agreed with the management of the certification center.
If the employee does not pass the exams, he will not pass the test and the result of his examination work will be canceled. Upon completion of the special inspection, the certified person receives a commission report on the state form. It is issued in two copies. It is signed by the commission chairman, and the director verifies it. Copies of the certificate are kept in the new center and with the applicant. Welding specialists receive new certificates. Their form is presented in the state application.
